Simulation of malaria epidemiology and control in the highlands of western Kenya (Publications)
METHODS: Individual-based stochastic simulation models of malaria in humans and a deterministic model of malaria in mosquitoes as part of the OpenMalaria platform were parameterized to create a scenario for [...] to assist in planning for the control and elimination of malaria. This work investigates the applicability of mathematical modelling of malaria transmission dynamics in Rachuonyo South, a district with [...] CONCLUSIONS: The OpenMalaria model of P. falciparum transmission can be used to...
Population hemoglobin mean and anemia prevalence in Papua New Guinea: new metrics for defining malaria endemicity? (Publications)
estimating malaria endemicity and for monitoring malaria control strategies. The aim of this study is to compare population hemoglobin mean and anemia prevalence to established indicators of malaria endemicity [...] of enlarged spleens in children, and records of (presumptive) malaria diagnosis among populations living with different levels of malaria transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Convenience sample
Bayesian geostatistical modelling of malaria and lymphatic filariasis infections in Uganda: predictors of risk and geographical patterns of... (Publications)
BACKGROUND: In Uganda, malaria and lymphatic filariasis (causative agent Wuchereria bancrofti) are transmitted by the same vector species of Anopheles mosquitoes, and thus are likely to share common e [...] children for circulating filarial antigens (CFA). Concurrently, blood smears were examined for malaria parasites. In this study, the resultant malariological data are analysed for the first time and the [...] different random effects to allow for spatial structuring and to capture potential...
A research agenda for malaria eradication: diagnoses and diagnostics (Publications)
or absent malaria transmission, sustaining interest in elimination and maintaining resources will become increasingly important. Thus, research is required into the context in which malaria diagnostic [...] Many of malaria's signs and symptoms are indistinguishable from those of other febrile diseases. Detection of the presence of Plasmodium parasites is essential, therefore, to guide case management. Improved
Immunogenicity of a virosomally-formulated <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> GLURP-MSP3 chimeric protein-based malaria vaccine candidate in comparison to... (Publications)
immunogenicity of a virosomally-formulated recombinant fusion protein comprising domains of the two malaria vaccine candidate antigens MSP3 and GLURP. METHODS: The highly purified recombinant protein GMZ2 [...] GMZ2 thus represents a candidate component suitable for inclusion into a multi-valent virosomal malaria vaccine and influenza virosomes represent a versatile antigen delivery system suitable for adjuvant-free
Estimation of heterogeneity in malaria transmission by stochastic modelling of apparent deviations from mass action kinetics (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Quantifying heterogeneity in malaria transmission is a prerequisite for accurate predictive mathematical models, but the variance in field measurements of exposure overestimates true micro [...] challenge by infectious vectors. This appears to violate the principle of mass action that is implied by malaria biology. Micro-heterogeneity may be the reason for this anomaly. It is proposed that the level of [...] exposure. METHODS: The relationship between the entomological inoculation...
Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high... (Publications)
experienced extremely high malaria transmission in the 1990s. By 2001-03, following high usage rates (75% of all age groups) of untreated bed nets, a 4.2-fold reduction in malaria transmission intensity was [...] Anopheles arabiensis was only 38%. CONCLUSION: Insecticide treatment of nets reduced the intensity of malaria transmission in addition to that achieved by the untreated nets alone. Impacts were most pronounced
Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in Papua New Guinean infants exposed to <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>P. vivax</em>: a... (Publications)
(PE) against all episodes of clinical malaria from 3 to 15 mo of age. Analysis was by modified intention to treat. The PE (compared to placebo) against clinical malaria episodes (caused by all species) was [...] No rebound in malaria morbidity was observed for 6 mo following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: IPTi using a long half-life drug combination is efficacious for the prevention of malaria and anemia in infants [...] Intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) has been shown in...
The acceptability of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) delivered through the expanded programme of immunization in... (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) reduces the incidence of clinical malaria. However, before making decisions about implementation, it is essential to ensure that [...] attitudes or adherence to the expanded programme on immunisation (EPI) or treatment seeking or existing malaria prevention. CONCLUSION: In order to improve adherence to both EPI and IPTi local priorities should
Estimating the numbers of malaria infections in blood samples using high-resolution genotyping data (Publications)
People living in endemic areas often habour several malaria infections at once. High-resolution genotyping can distinguish between infections by detecting the presence of different alleles at a polymorphic