Microbial larvicide application by a large-scale, community-based program reduces malaria infection prevalence in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Malaria control in Africa is most tractable in urban settlements yet most research has focused on rural settings. Elimination of malaria transmission from urban areas may require larval control [...] managed, delivery systems in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Continuous, randomized cluster sampling of malaria infection prevalence and non-random programmatic surveillance of entomological inoculation rate (EIR) [...] = 0.001) when 45% (9/20) of directly observed transmission events...
Time to move from presumptive malaria treatment to laboratory-confirmed diagnosis and treatment in African children with fever (Publications)
declining malarial transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, declining proportions of fevers due to malaria, and the availability of rapid diagnostic tests mean it may be time for this policy to change. This [...] to support a shift toward laboratory-confirmed rather than presumptive diagnosis and treatment of malaria in children under five
Artesunate-mefloquine combination therapy in acute <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> malaria in young children: a field study regarding neurological and... (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Mefloquine-artesunate combination therapy for uncomplicated falciparum malaria is one of the treatments used in African children. Data concerning neurological safety in adults and children [...] study was conducted among African children between 10 and 20 kg with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. They were treated over three consecutive days with a paediatric fixed-dose combination of artesunate [...] RESULTS: From December 2007 to March 2009, 220 children with uncomplicated...
A tool box for operational mosquito larval control: preliminary results and early lessons from the Urban Malaria Control Programme in Dar es Salaam,... (Publications)
be protected from malaria by controlling aquatic stages of mosquitoes if cost-effective and scalable implementation systems can be designed. METHODS: A recently initiated Urban Malaria Control Programme [...] levels, respectively. One year of community-based larviciding reduced transmission by the primary malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae s.l., by 31% (95% C.I. = 21.6-37.6%; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: This novel [...] novel management, monitoring and evaluation system for implementing routine...
Malaria chemoprophylaxis recommendations for immigrants to Europe, visiting relatives and friends: a Delphi method study (Publications)
relatives (VFRs) from Europe to malaria endemic countries are increasing and include long-term and second generation immigrants, who represent the major burden of malaria cases imported back into Europe [...] Europe. Most recommendations for malaria chemoprophylaxis lack a solid evidence base, and often fail to address the cultural, social and economic needs of VFRs. METHODS: European travel medicine experts, who [...] in this study included questions about professional experience with VFRs,...
Modelling the cost-effectiveness of mass screening and treatment for reducing <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> malaria burden (Publications)
cases, mass treatment strategies are not likely to succeed in interrupting Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission. However, this does not preclude their use to reduce disease burden. Mass screening [...] incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) of wellconducted MSAT campaigns as a strategy for P. falciparum malaria disease-burden reduction in settings with varying receptivity (ability of the combined vector population [...] were estimated in different sub-Saharan African settings using...
Simulated impact of RTS,S/AS01 vaccination programs in the context of changing malaria transmission (Publications)
INTRODUCTION: The RTS,S/AS01 pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine is in phase III clinical trials. It is critical to anticipate where and how it should be implemented if trials are successful. Such planning [...] planning may be complicated by changing levels of malaria transmission. METHODS/RESULTS: Computer simulations were used to examine RTS,S/AS01 impact, using a vaccine profile based on phase II trial results,
Giant host red blood cell membrane mimicking polymersomes bind parasite proteins and malaria parasites (Publications)
we aim for a dual action with drug- and 'vaccine-like' activity against malaria. By inhibiting entry of malaria parasites into host red blood cells (RBCs) - using polymer vesicle-based (polymersome) nanomimics [...] formed with the same block copolymers as nanomimics, also bind the corresponding malaria parasite ligand and whole malaria parasites, similar to nanomimics. This was demonstrated using fluorescence imaging [...] Malaria is an infectious disease that needs to be addressed using...
Defining the relationship between infection prevalence and clinical incidence of<em> Plasmodium falciparum</em> malaria (Publications)
falciparum malaria cases. In response, cartographic approaches have been developed that link maps of infection prevalence with mathematical relationships to predict the incidence rate of clinical malaria. Mi
Cluster-randomized study of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for malaria in infants (IPTi) in southern Tanzania: evaluation of impact on survival (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Intermittent Preventive Treatment for malaria control in infants (IPTi) consists of the administration of a treatment dose of an anti-malarial drug, usually sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, at scheduled