Future use-cases of vaccines in malaria control and elimination (Publications)
protection. Here we discuss the history of malaria vaccines and suggest some future use-cases for future malaria vaccines that will support achieving malaria health goals in different settings. [...] well as the development and use of new interventions. A malaria vaccine has long been considered a possible new intervention to aid malaria burden reduction. However, after decades of development, only one [...] consider the use-cases and health targets of future malaria vaccines. These must be...
Lidar reveals activity anomaly of malaria vectors during pan-African eclipse (Publications)
a quarter billion people are infected and a half a million killed by the mosquito-borne disease malaria. Lack of real-time observational tools for continuously assessing the unperturbed mosquito flight [...] modulation signatures. We were able to compare the fine-scale spatiotemporal activity patterns of malaria vectors during ordinary days and an eclipse to disentangle phototactic activity patterns from the
Repeated mosquito net distributions, improved treatment, and trends in malaria cases in sentinel health facilities in Papua New Guinea (Publications)
RESULTS: Malaria incidence initially ranged from 20 to 115/1000 population; subsequent trends varied by site. Overall, LLIN distributions had a cumulative effect, reducing the number of malaria cases with [...] not ACT, were associated with reductions of malaria cases in a range of settings, but sustainability of the gains appear to depend on local factors. Malaria programmes covering diverse transmission settings [...] al nets (LLIN), improved diagnosis and artemisinin-based combination therapy...
Operational coverage and timeliness of reactive case detection for malaria elimination in Zanzibar, Tanzania (Publications)
Since 2012, the Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Program has been implementing reactive case detection (RACD). Health facility (HF) staff send individual malaria case notifications by using mobile phones, [...] triggering a review of HF records and malaria testing and treatment at the household level by a district malaria surveillance officer. We assessed the completeness and timeliness of this system, from [...] Zanzibar achieved high operational coverage, timeliness was suboptimal. Patients...
The potential of pregnant women as a sentinel population for malaria surveillance (Publications)
Monthly ANC malaria test-positivity data from all Tanzanian health facilities for January 2014 to May 2016 was compared to prevalence data from the School Malaria Parasitaemia Survey 2015, the Malaria Indicator [...] proposed as a pragmatic sentinel population for malaria surveillance. However, the representativeness of routine ANC malaria test-positivity and its relationship with prevalence in other population subgroups [...] Indicator Survey (MIS) 2015/16, the Malaria Atlas Project 2015, and a...
Increase of dose associated with decrease in protection against controlled human malaria infection by PfSPZ vaccine in Tanzanian adults (Publications)
reducing malaria's impact. PfSPZ Vaccine (radiation attenuated, aseptic, purified, cryopreserved Plasmodium falciparum [Pf] sporozoites [SPZ]) has been well tolerated and safe in > 1,526 malaria-naive and [...] (VE) of 5 doses of 2.7x105 PfSPZ of PfSPZ Vaccine was assessed in adults against controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) in the U.S. and Tanzania and intense field transmission of heterogeneous Pf in Mali
Resurgence of malaria infection after mass treatment: a simulation study (Publications)
management, and test-and-treat interventions. Individual-based stochastic models of malaria transmission (OpenMalaria) were then used to estimate the probability and likely rates of resurgence in realistic [...] if mass drug administration (MDA) might shorten the time to elimination of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, when vector control measures and reactive surveillance strategies are scaled-up. A concern with [...] of bistability. Importation rates are important only when this threshold is very...
Differential impact of malaria control interventions on <em>P. falciparum</em> and <em>P. vivax</em> infections in young Papua New Guinean children (Publications)
children and the key risk factors for malaria infection and illness in 2013. RESULTS: Between 2006 and 2008, P. falciparum infection prevalence, molFOB, and clinical malaria episodes reduced by 47%, 59% and [...] INTRODUCTION: As malaria transmission declines, understanding the differential impact of intensified control on Plasmodium falciparum relative to Plasmodium vivax and identifying key drivers of ongoing [...] cohort, children aged 1-5 years were actively monitored for infection and...
Investigating the drivers of the spatio-temporal patterns of genetic differences between <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> malaria infections in Kilifi... (Publications)
Knowledge of how malaria infections spread locally is important both for the design of targeted interventions aiming to interrupt malaria transmission and the design of trials to assess the interventions [...] to account for the observed patterns. The mean geographic distance between parent and offspring malaria infections for the base model was 0.5 km (95% CI 0.3-1.5), for a distribution with 68% of distances
Strengthening surveillance systems for malaria elimination by integrating molecular and genomic data (Publications)
elimination efforts are currently going on with the objective of reducing malaria morbidity and mortality by 90% and malaria elimination in at least 35 countries by 2030. Strengthening surveillance systems [...] Unprecedented efforts in malaria control over the last 15 years have led to a substantial decrease in both morbidity and mortality in most endemic settings. However, these progresses have stalled over [...] such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) are...