Infant and child mortality in relation to malaria transmission in KEMRI/CDC HDSS, Western Kenya: validation of verbal autopsy (Publications)
(VA) is widely used for estimating malaria specific mortality rates, but does not reliably distinguish malaria from other febrile illnesses. Overall malaria attributable mortality includes both direct and [...] both all-cause and malaria-specific mortality. 48.2% of the deaths could be attributed to malaria by analysing the exposure-response relationship, though only 20.5% of VAs assigned malaria as the cause and [...] BACKGROUND: Malaria transmission reduction is a goal of many malaria control...
Global action for training in malaria elimination [Commentary] (Publications)
The Rethinking Malaria Leadership Forum, held at Harvard Business School in February 2017 with collaboration of the Barcelona Institute for Global Health and the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [...] training gap as a high priority for both analysis and action. The gap in human resource training for malaria elimination needs to be addressed in order to assure continued progress. This paper identifies major [...] assist in filling the training gaps, and proposes global actions to...
Human migration and the spread of malaria parasites to the New World (Publications)
We examined the mitogenomes of a large global collection of human malaria parasites to explore how and when Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax entered the Americas. We found evidence of a significant [...] contribution of African and South Asian lineages to present-day New World malaria parasites with additional P. vivax lineages appearing to originate from Melanesia that were putatively carried by the
malERA: an updated research agenda for combination interventions and modelling in malaria elimination and eradication (Publications)
number of countries embarking on malaria elimination programmes, national and local decisions to select combinations of tools and deployment strategies directed at malaria elimination must address rapidly [...] This paper summarises key advances and priorities since the 2011 presentation of the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA), with a focus on the combinations of intervention tools and strategies [...] deployment against a heterogeneous transmission background is a challenge. Further...
malERA: an updated research agenda for characterising the reservoir and measuring transmission in malaria elimination and eradication (Publications)
key advances in defining the infectious reservoir for malaria and the measurement of transmission for research and programmatic use since the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA) publication in 2011 [...] is variable. New and improved measures of transmission need to be operationally feasible for the malaria programmes. Outputs from these research priorities should allow the development of a set of approaches
malERA: an updated research agenda for health systems and policy research in malaria elimination and eradication (Publications)
effectiveness of interventions ('effectiveness decay'), and respond to dynamic and changing needs. The malaria eradication research agenda (malERA) Refresh consultative process for the Panel on Health Systems [...] Research identifies opportunities to build health systems evidence and the tools needed to eliminate malaria from different zones, countries, and regions and to eradicate it globally. The research questions [...] include delivery strategies to meet the changing dynamics of needs of...
Longitudinal estimation of <em>Plasmodium falciparum </em>prevalence in relation to malaria prevention measures in six sub-Saharan African countries (Publications)
(PfPR) is a widely used metric for assessing malaria transmission intensity. This study was carried out concurrently with the RTS,S/AS01 candidate malaria vaccine Phase III trial and estimated PfPR over [...] 3 sites. Surveys were usually performed during the peak malaria parasite transmission season, in one home visit, when medical history and malaria risk factors/prevention measures were collected, and a blood [...] 0.52, 0.68, 0.41) and bed net use in 2 surveys (ORs: 0.63, 0.68, 1.03, 1.78)...
Multiple insecticide resistance in <em>Anopheles gambiae</em> from Tanzania: a major concern for malaria vector control (Publications)
development of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vectors. This study was carried out to monitor the susceptibility status of major malaria vectors to insecticides used for IRS and LLINs in mainland [...] BACKGROUND: Malaria vector control in Tanzania is based on use of long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), which both rely on the use of chemical insecticides. [...] An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) Kisumu strain. RESULTS: Anopheles arabiensis...
Lysophosphatidylcholine regulates sexual stage differentiation in the human malaria parasite <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> (Publications)
bottleneck in the Plasmodium life cycle and a key intervention target of ongoing efforts to eradicate malaria. Sexual differentiation is essential for this process, as only sexual parasites, called gametocytes [...] activation of sexual-stage-specific transcription and gametocyte formation. Our results reveal that malaria parasites can sense and process host-derived physiological signals to regulate differentiation. These [...] of the sexual differentiation pathway in Plasmodium that may provide...