From strategy development to routine implementation: the cost of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Infants for malaria control (Publications)
Saharan Africa. Intermittent Preventive Treatment in infants (IPTi) is a promising new tool for malaria control. Although efficacy information is available for many interventions, there is a dearth of
Target product profile choices for intra-domiciliary malaria vector control pesticide products: repel or kill? (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The most common pesticide products for controlling malaria-transmitting mosquitoes combine two distinct modes of action: 1) conventional insecticidal activity which kills mosquitoes exposed [...] mosquitoes to non-users rather than killing them outright. METHODS: A process-explicit model of malaria transmission is described which captures the sequential interaction between deterrent and toxic actions
Spatio-temporal malaria transmission patterns in Navrongo demographic surveillance site, northern Ghana (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The relationship between entomological measures of malaria transmission intensity and mortality remains uncertain. This is partly because transmission is heterogeneous even within small ge [...] analysed data from Kassena-Nankana districts in northern Ghana to obtain small area estimates of malaria transmission rates allowing for this uncertainty.METHODS: Independent Bayesian geostatistical models [...] mosquito densities.CONCLUSION: This study confirms the presence of...
Spatio-temporal analysis of the role of climate in inter-annual variation of malaria incidence in Zimbabwe (Publications)
inter-annual variation in malaria incidence. Quantitative description of the space-time effect of this association has practical implications for the development of operational malaria early warning system [...] system (MEWS) and malaria control. We used Bayesian negative binomial models for spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between annual malaria incidence and selected climatic covariates at a district level [...] 1988-1999. RESULTS: Considerable inter-annual variations were observed...
Modelling the epidemiological impact of intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in infants (Publications)
preventive treatment against malaria in infants (IPTi) using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) have shown a positive, albeit variable, protective efficacy against clinical malaria episodes. The impact of IPTi [...] periods. The predicted cumulative benefits were proportionately slightly greater for severe malaria episodes and malaria-attributable mortality than for acute episodes in the settings modelled. Modest increased [...] mortality. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We used a comprehensive,...
MalHaploFreq: a computer programme for estimating malaria haplotype frequencies from blood samples (Publications)
are important surveillance tools that can inform policy choice. People infected with falciparum malaria often contain several genetically-distinct clones of the parasite; genotyping the patients' blood [...] present (i.e. its prevalence), but does not reveal its frequency. For example a person with four malaria clones may contain both mutant and wildtype forms of a marker but it is not possible to distinguish
Bayesian geostatistical modeling of Malaria Indicator Survey data in Angola (Publications)
2006-2007 Angola Malaria Indicator Survey (AMIS) is the first nationally representative household survey in the country assessing coverage of the key malaria control interventions and measuring malaria-related [...] number of parasitaemic children produced in this paper are important for planning and implementing malaria control interventions and for monitoring the impact of prevention and control activities
Interdependence of domestic malaria prevention measures and mosquito-human interactions in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Successful malaria vector control depends on understanding behavioural interactions between mosquitoes and humans, which are highly setting-specific and may have characteristic features in [...] mosquito biting patterns in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania are examined and the protection against exposure to malaria transmission that is afforded to residents by using an insecticide-treated net (ITN) is estimated
Residual antimalarials in malaria patients from Tanzania - implications on drug efficacy assessment and spread of parasite resistance (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Repeated antimalarial treatment for febrile episodes and self-treatment are common in malaria-endemic areas. The intake of antimalarials prior to participating in an in vivo study may alter treatment [...] n of both efficacy and safety outcomes. We report the findings from baseline plasma sampling of malaria patients prior to inclusion into an in vivo study in Tanzania and discuss the implications of residual