Bayesian geostatistical modelling of malaria and lymphatic filariasis infections in Uganda: predictors of risk and geographical patterns of... (Publications)
BACKGROUND: In Uganda, malaria and lymphatic filariasis (causative agent Wuchereria bancrofti) are transmitted by the same vector species of Anopheles mosquitoes, and thus are likely to share common e [...] children for circulating filarial antigens (CFA). Concurrently, blood smears were examined for malaria parasites. In this study, the resultant malariological data are analysed for the first time and the [...] different random effects to allow for spatial structuring and to capture potential...
A research agenda for malaria eradication: diagnoses and diagnostics (Publications)
or absent malaria transmission, sustaining interest in elimination and maintaining resources will become increasingly important. Thus, research is required into the context in which malaria diagnostic [...] Many of malaria's signs and symptoms are indistinguishable from those of other febrile diseases. Detection of the presence of Plasmodium parasites is essential, therefore, to guide case management. Improved
Immunogenicity of a virosomally-formulated <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> GLURP-MSP3 chimeric protein-based malaria vaccine candidate in comparison to... (Publications)
immunogenicity of a virosomally-formulated recombinant fusion protein comprising domains of the two malaria vaccine candidate antigens MSP3 and GLURP. METHODS: The highly purified recombinant protein GMZ2 [...] GMZ2 thus represents a candidate component suitable for inclusion into a multi-valent virosomal malaria vaccine and influenza virosomes represent a versatile antigen delivery system suitable for adjuvant-free
Estimation of heterogeneity in malaria transmission by stochastic modelling of apparent deviations from mass action kinetics (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Quantifying heterogeneity in malaria transmission is a prerequisite for accurate predictive mathematical models, but the variance in field measurements of exposure overestimates true micro [...] challenge by infectious vectors. This appears to violate the principle of mass action that is implied by malaria biology. Micro-heterogeneity may be the reason for this anomaly. It is proposed that the level of [...] exposure. METHODS: The relationship between the entomological inoculation...
Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high... (Publications)
experienced extremely high malaria transmission in the 1990s. By 2001-03, following high usage rates (75% of all age groups) of untreated bed nets, a 4.2-fold reduction in malaria transmission intensity was [...] Anopheles arabiensis was only 38%. CONCLUSION: Insecticide treatment of nets reduced the intensity of malaria transmission in addition to that achieved by the untreated nets alone. Impacts were most pronounced
Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in Papua New Guinean infants exposed to <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>P. vivax</em>: a... (Publications)
(PE) against all episodes of clinical malaria from 3 to 15 mo of age. Analysis was by modified intention to treat. The PE (compared to placebo) against clinical malaria episodes (caused by all species) was [...] No rebound in malaria morbidity was observed for 6 mo following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: IPTi using a long half-life drug combination is efficacious for the prevention of malaria and anemia in infants [...] Intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) has been shown in...
Agrochemicals against malaria, sleeping sickness, leishmaniasis and Chagas disease (Publications)
In tropical regions, protozoan parasites can cause severe diseases with malaria, leishmaniasis, sleeping sickness, and Chagas disease standing in the forefront. Many of the drugs currently being used to
A research agenda for malaria eradication: cross-cutting issues for eradication (Publications)
ic Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA) Consultative Groups have recognized several cross-cutting issues that must be addressed to prevent repetition of some of the mistakes of past malaria elimination [...] levels. Because sustained malaria elimination is dependent on a functioning health system, a further key cross-cutting research question is to determine how inputs for malaria can strengthen health systems [...] programs. Integrated research is required to develop a decision-making...
A research agenda for malaria eradication: health systems and operational research (Publications)
global malaria eradication agenda. In this paper, we (the malERA Consultative Group on Health Systems and Operational Research) focus on the health systems needs of the elimination phase of malaria eradication [...] the pathway to elimination. We examine the difference between the last attempt at eradication of malaria and more recent initiatives, and consider the changing health system challenges as countries make
Costs and consequences of large-scale vector control for malaria (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Five large insecticide-treated net (ITN) programmes and two indoor residual spraying (IRS) programmes were compared using a standardized costing methodology. METHODS: Costs were measured l