Prevalence of drug-resistance mutations and HIV-1 subtypes in a HIV-1 infected COHORT in rural Tanzania (Publications)
The prevalence of major DR-SNPs in 2005-2007 in the RT gene was determined: K103N (5.0%), Y181C (2.5%), M184V (2.5%), G190A (1.7%) and M41L, K65KR, K70KR and L74LV (0.8%). In samples from 2009 only K103N
<em>Ent</em>-pimarane and <em>ent</em>-kaurane diterpenes from <em>Aldama discolor</em> (Asteraceae) and their antiprotozoal activity (Publications)
ent-kaurane 1 showed significant in vitro activity against both P. falciparum (IC 50 = 3.5 mu M) and L. donovani (IC 50 = 2.5 mu M) and ent-pimarane 2 against P. falciparum (IC 50 = 3.8 mu M). Both compounds [...] candidates for in vivo tests. In addition to the diterpenes, the sesquiterpene lactone budlein A (5), which has been reported to possess a strong anti-T. b. rhodesiense activity, was identified as major
<em>CHI3L1 </em>polymorphisms, cord blood YKL-40 levels and later asthma development (Publications)
and measured cord blood YKL-40 levels by ELISA in (n = 170) infants. Lung function was performed at 5 weeks and 6 years. Respiratory health during the first year of life was assessed weekly by telephone [...] SNP rs10399805 was significantly associated with asthma at 6 years. The odds ratio for asthma was 4.5 (95 % CI 1.59-12.94) per T-allele. This finding was unchanged when adjusting for cord blood YKL-40 levels [...] asthma. SNPs in CHI3L1 and cord blood YKL-40 were not associated with lung...
Synthesis and antimalarial and antituberculosis activities of a series of natural and unnatural 4-methoxy-6-styryl-pyran-2-ones, dihydro analogues and... (Publications)
falciparum (IC(50) 1.5 and 1.7muM) with good selectivity (SI approximately 80). The 4-tert-butyl aniba-dimer A analogue 33 also exhibited activity towards L. donovani (IC(50) 4.5muM), suggesting further [...] analogues were typically less active or lacked selectivity. Head-to-head and head-to-tail photodimers 5 and 34 exhibited moderate IC(50)s of 2.3 to 17muM towards several of the parasitic organisms, while
How within-city socioeconomic disparities affect life expectancy? Results of Urban HEART in Tehran, Iran (Publications)
SES. The e0 gender gap among districts was 5.5 years for females and 3.7 years for males. The highest and lowest mean of e0 observed in SC1 (highest class) and SC5 (lowest class), were 77.6 and 76.0 years
Alkamides from <em>Anacyclus pyrethrum</em> L. and their <em>in vitro</em> antiprotozoal activity (Publications)
isolated as an inseparable mixture (1:4). Compounds 3, 4, and 5 were isolated from Anacycluspyrethrum L. for the first time. While compounds 4 and 5 were previously known from the genus Achillea, compound 3 [...] deca-2E,4E-dienoic acid 2-phenylethylamide (4), undeca-2E,4E-dien-8,10-diynoic acid isopentylamide (5), tetradeca-2E,4E,12Z-trien-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (6), and dodeca-2E,4E-dien acid 4-hydro
Rabies control in Liberia: joint efforts towards zero by 30 (Publications)
an accurately costed mass dog vaccination strategy were developed. Liberia is currently at stage 1.5/5 of the Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination (SARE) tool, which corresponds with countries that [...] local-level interventions (e.g. dog vaccination campaigns) to the national level. Overall an estimated 5.3 - 8 million USD invested over 13 years is needed to eliminate rabies in Liberia by 2030. Liberia still
Large gains in schooling and income are possible from minimizing adverse birth outcomes in 121 low- and middle-income countries: a modelling study (Publications)
9.8 million school years (95% CI: 1.5,18.4) and US$ 41.9 billion (95% CI: 6.1,80.9) in lifetime income. The potential gains from small-for-gestational age were 39.5 million (95% CI: 19.1,60.3) school years [...] years and US$113.6 billion (95% CI: 55.5,174.2) in lifetime income gained. In summary, reducing the excess prevalence of low birthweight, preterm birth or small-for-gestational age births in low- and
Constructing a malaria-related health service readiness index and assessing its association with child malaria mortality: an analysis of the Burkina... (Publications)
and malaria mortality in children under the age of 5 years in Burkina Faso. Methods: Data on inpatients visits and malaria-related deaths in under 5-year-old children were extracted from the national Health [...] Malaria mortality rate in medical centres was 4.8 times higher than that of peripheral health centres (3.5% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.0001). Essential medicines was the domain with the lowest readiness (only 0.1% of medical
Short-term joint effects of PM10, NO2 and SO2 on cardio-respiratory disease hospital admissions in Cape Town, South Africa (Publications)
respiratory disease (RD) were 1.9% (0.5–3.2%), 2.3% (0.6–4%), and1.1% (−0.2–2.4%), respectively. For cardiovascular disease (CVD), these values were 2.1% (0.6–3.5%),1% (−0.8–2.8%), and−0.3% (−1.6–1.1%) [...] cumulative risks for RD perIQR increase in PM10and NO2for children were 2% (0.2–3.9%) and 3.1% (0.7–5.6%), respectively. Conclusion: We found robust associations of daily respiratory disease hospital admissions