Estimating the effect of vaccination on antimicrobial-resistant typhoid fever in 73 countries supported by Gavi: a mathematical modelling study (Publications)
predicted to avert 42.5 million (95% PI 24.8-62.8 million) cases and 506 000 (95% PI 187 000-1.9 million) deaths caused by FQNS typhoid fever, and 21.2 million (95% PI 16.4-26.5 million) cases and 342 [...] 342 000 (95% PI 135 000-1.5 million) deaths from multidrug-resistant typhoid fever over 10 years following introduction. INTERPRETATION: Our results indicate the benefits of prioritising TCV introduction
Spatio-temporal modelling of changes in air pollution exposure associated to the COVID-19 lockdown measures across Europe (Publications)
measures taken to tackle the virus in Europe reduced the average surface concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 by 29.5% (95% Bayesian credible interval: 28.1%, 30.9%) and 25.9% (23.6%, 28.1%), respectively. To our knowledge [...] (BST) models that assess changes in the surface nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration across the continent. We fitted BST models to measurements of the two pollutants in 2020
Perception of cure among leprosy patients post completion of multi-drug therapy (Publications)
unhealed (OR 4.6; 95% CI 2.5-8.5). Patients with physical disabilities (PD) grade 1 and 2 at the time of the study had a 3.1 (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.3-7.4) and 8.8 (OR 7.7; 95% CI 3.5-21.9) times higher likelihood
Cohort profile: the South African HIV Cancer Match (SAM) study, a national population-based cohort (Publications)
years (IQR: 26.2–40.9). The overall cancer incidence in males and females was 235.9 (95% CI: 231.5 to 240.5) and 183.7 (181.2–186.2) per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Using data from the SAM Study [...] diagnostic or monitoring laboratory tests from NHLS. Findings to date The SAM cohort currently includes 5 248 648 PLWH for the period 2004 to 2014; 69% of these are women. The median age at cohort entry was
The combination of HIV and alcohol use internalized stigmas are associated with greater symptoms of depression in a South African sample living with... (Publications)
04), greater rumination (B = 5.72, p = .02), and greater work/school impairment (B = 3.94, p = .01). High internalized alcohol (B = -5.97, p = .009) or HIV stigma (B = -5.25, p = .02) alone was significantly
Prevalence and force of <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> blood-stage infection and associated clinical malaria burden in the Brazilian Amazon (Publications)
[adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.6 (1.9-5.7)] and clinical disease [aHR 10.6 (2.4-47.2)]. P. falciparum infection was associated with previous malarial episodes [HR 9.7 (4.5-20.9)]. Subjects who reported possession [...] of a bed net [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.6 (1.2-2.2)] or previous malaria episodes [IRR 3.0 (2.0-4.5)] were found to have significantly higher P. vivax molFOB. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Overall, P. vivax infection
Impact of vaccines given during pregnancy on the offspring of women consulting a travel clinic: a longitudinal study (Publications)
range of 1 to 10 years. Rates of premature births were 5.7% in both groups; congenital abnormalities were 1.9% in the vaccinated cohort versus 5.7% in the nonvaccinated one; children took their first steps [...] steps at a median age of 12 months in both cohorts; among schoolchildren, 5% of the vaccinated cohort versus 7.7% of the nonvaccinated attended a lower level or a specialized school. CONCLUSION: In this
Childhood air pollutant exposure and carotid artery intima-media thickness in young adults (Publications)
(SD) increase in childhood (aged 0-5 years) or elementary school (aged 6-12) O(3) exposure was associated with a 7.8 mum (95% CI -0.3, 15.9) or 10.1 mum (95% CI 1.8, 18.5) higher CIMT, respectively. Lifetime [...] exposure to O(3) showed similar but non-significant associations. No associations were observed for PM(2.5), PM(10) or NO(2) although adjustment for these pollutants strengthened the childhood O(3) associations
Microbial and chemical contamination of water, sediment and soil in the Nakivubo wetland area in Kampala, Uganda (Publications)
showed mean concentrations of TTCs of 2.9 x 10(5) colony-forming units (CFU)/100 mL. Mean E. coli was 9.9 x 10(4) CFU/100 mL. Hookworm eggs were found in 13.5 % of the water samples. Mean concentrations of [...] of iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) were 21.5, 3.3 and 0.14 mg/L, respectively. In soil samples, we found a mean lead (Pb) concentration of 132.7 mg/L. In yams, concentrations of Cd, chromium (Cr)
Estimating the global burden of endemic canine rabies (Publications)
prophylaxis (PEP, 20%) and lost income whilst seeking PEP (15.5%), with only limited costs to the veterinary sector due to dog vaccination (1.5%), and additional costs to communities from livestock losses [...] CIs: 1.6-10.4 million) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 8.6 billion USD (95% CIs: 2.9-21.5 billion) economic losses annually. The largest component of the economic burden is due to premature