Improving community coverage of oral cholera mass vaccination campaigns: lessons learned in Zanzibar (Publications)
prominent barrier to uptake was competing obligations or priorities (reported by 74.5%, identified as most important barrier by 49.5%). Next most prominent barriers were lacking information about the campaign [...] campaign (29.6%, 12.2%), sickness (14.3%, 13.3%) and fear of possible vaccine side effects (15.3%, 5.6%). The majority of unvaccinated respondents requested repetition of the vaccination with free OCVs.CONCLU
Spatial and temporal distribution of soil-transmitted helminth infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and geostatistical meta-analysis (Publications)
lumbricoides, and T trichiura over a grid of roughly 1 million pixels at a spatial resolution of 5?×?5 km. We calculated anthelmintic treatment needs on the basis of WHO guidelines (treatment of all s [...] prevalence of hookworm, A lumbricoides, and T trichiura among school-aged children from 2000 onwards was 16·5%, 6·6%, and 4·4%. These estimates are between 52% and 74% lower than those in surveys done before 2000
Incidence, remission and mortality of convulsive epilepsy in rural Northeast South Africa (Publications)
mortality ratio was 2.6 (95%CI: 1.7-3.5), with 33.3% of deaths directly related to epilepsy. Mortality was higher in men than women (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 2.6 (95%CI: 1.2-5.4)), and was significantly associated [...] associated with older ages (50+ years versus those 0-5 years old (RR 4.8 (95%CI: 0.6-36.4)). CONCLUSIONS: The crude incidence was lower whilst mortality rates were similar to other African studies; however
La diarrhee chez les agriculteurs urbains de Nouakchott en Mauritanie (Publications)
logistical regression methods. The annual incidence of diarrhea ranged from 6.9 (IC95 p. 100 = 5.0-8.8) to 8.5 (IC95 p. 100 = 6.2-10.8) episodes per gardener and year. Multivariate analysis identified four [...] IC95 p. 100 = 1.06-20.83). The other two factors were regular consumption of raw vegetables (OR = 25.5, IC95 p. 100 = 2.0-32.0) and use of untreated well water (OR = 3.85, IC95 p. 100 = 1.08-14.29). Unprotected
Malaria infection prevalence and sensitivity of reactive case detection in Zanzibar (Publications)
households and 0.4% of those residing in non-index households tested positive (OR = 8.4; 95%CI: 5.7, 12.5). Of 6,281 participants tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), 8.4% of those residing [...] within 50 m of the index household as compared with those located farther away (OR = 0.8, 95%CI: 0.5, 1.4). Sensitivity of RDT to detect qPCR-detectable infections was 34% (95%CI: 26.4, 42.3). CONCLUSIONS:
Associations of preconception exposure to air pollution and greenness with offspring asthma and hay fever (Publications)
Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) generation study. Mean particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), ozone (O3) (µg/m3) and greenness (normalized [...] stratified by parental lines, and adjusted for grandparental asthma and education). Maternal medium PM2.5 and PM10 exposure was associated with higher offspring asthma risk (odds ratio (OR) 2.23, 95%CI 1.32–3 [...] medium O3 exposure (OR 4.15, 95%CI 1.28–13.50) and mothers with high...
The use of morbidity questionnaires to identify communities with high prevalence of geohelminth infections in Gondar region, Ethiopia (Publications)
65-8.20)] and 'intestinal worms' [OR 4.72 (95% CI: 4.27-5.22)]. Reported 'diarrhoea' was the best answer for T. trichiura [OR: 4.58 (95% CI: 3.98-5.27)]. Among schools, there were similar associations between [...] value: 71.7%) and A. lumbrocoides (sensitivity: 91.8%, specificity: 50.0%, positive predictive value: 75.5%, negative predictive value: 64.3%). These results indicate the potential of using reported 'worms'
Efficacy and safety of ivermectin against <em>Trichuris trichiura </em>in preschool- and school-aged children: a randomized controlled dose-finding... (Publications)
cure rates (20.9% [95% CI 11.9-52.8%] vs. 19.5% [95% CI 10.4-49.9%]) and geometric mean egg-reduction rates (78.6% [95% CI 60.1-89.5%] vs. 68.2% [95% CI 40.5 to 84.8%]). In school-aged children even a dose
Ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of cataract surgery: the prospective 3City-Alienor study (Publications)
checked at slit-lamp by trained professionals. Average air pollution exposure (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM(2.5)), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2))) in the 10 years preceding baseline was estimated [...] (HR = 1.46, CI (1.16, 1.84), p = 0.001). No statistically significant association was found with PM(2.5) and BC. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to a NO(2) concentration ≥ 40 μg/m(3) was associated with an
Temporal change in minimum mortality temperature under changing climate: a multicountry multicommunity observational study spanning 1986–2015 (Publications)
region, and country. Results: Temporal increases in MMT and MMTP from 19.5 °C (17.9, 21.1) to 20.3 °C (18.5, 22.0) and from the 74.5 (68.3, 80.6) to 75.0 (71.0, 78.9) percentiles in the entire population