DNA methylation in newborns and maternal smoking in pregnancy: genome-wide consortium meta-analysis (Publications)
methylated in relation to maternal smoking at genome-wide statistical significance (false discovery rate, 5%), including 2,965 CpGs corresponding to 2,017 genes not previously related to smoking and methylation [...] expression. We observed enrichment in pathways and processes critical to development. In older children (5 cohorts, n = 3,187), 100% of CpGs gave at least nominal levels of significance, far more than expected
Wounds to the dorsal carpus (coronation injury) in horses: treatment, complications and survival (Publications)
prognosis for hospital survival was 97.8% and the long-term coronation specific mortality risk was 4.3%. 87.5% were sound and returned to intended use. Risk factors for prolonged hospitalisation time were extensor [...] tendon involvement (4.2 days), carpal joint involvement (3.8 days) and complications (skin necrosis [9.5 days] and local infection [3.2 days]. Coronation injuries reccurred in 8.8% and 20% had evidence of
Transcription profiling of a recently colonised pyrethroid resistant <em>Anopheles gambiae</em> strain from Ghana (Publications)
susceptible strain, of both sexes was extracted, reverse transcribed and labelled with either Cy3- or Cy5-dye. Labelled cDNA was co-hybridised to the detox chip, a custom-made microarray containing over 230 [...] predominantly from enzyme families associated with insecticide resistance. After hybridisation, Cy3- and Cy5-signal intensities were measured and compared gene by gene. In both females and males of the resistant
Reductions in malaria and anaemia case and death burden at hospitals following scale-up of malaria control in Zanzibar, 1999-2008 (Publications)
malaria in-patient cases by 78% (48-90%), and parasitologically-confirmed malaria out-patient cases by 99.5% (92-99.9%). Anaemia in-patient cases decreased by 87% (57-96%); anaemia deaths and out-patient cases [...] effective malaria interventions reduced malaria-related burden at health facilities by over 75% within 5 years. In high-malaria settings, intensified malaria control can substantially contribute to reaching
The candidate blood-stage malaria vaccine P27A induces a robust humoral response in a fast track to the field phase I trial in exposed and non exposed... (Publications)
Switzerland and in Tanzania. P27A antigen (10 or 50mug), adjuvanted with Alhydrogel(R) or GLA-SE (2.5 or 5mug), or control rabies vaccine (Verorab(R)) were administered intramuscularly to 16 malaria non-exposed
Boosting effect of IL-7 in interferon gamma release assays to diagnose <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> infection (Publications)
higher release of IFN-gamma in individuals with active TB from 4.2IU/ml (IQR 1.4-6.9IU/ml) to 5.1IU/ml (IQR 1.5-8.1IU/ml, p = 0.0057), and we found an indication of a lower release of both IFN-gamma and IP-10
Awareness, treatment, and control among adults living with arterial hypertension or diabetes mellitus in two rural districts in Lesotho (Publications)
48.4% (95%CI 42.0-55.0%, 111/229) were aware of their condition, 55.8% (95%CI 49.5-62.3%, 128/229) took treatment, and 41.5% (95%CI 35.1-47.9%, 95/229) were controlled. For hypertension, women had higher
Efficacy and safety of tribendimidine, tribendimidine plus ivermectin, tribendimidine plus oxantel pamoate, and albendazole plus oxantel pamoate... (Publications)
non-inferior to albendazole plus oxantel pamoate (ERRs 99.5% [95% CI 99.2-99.7] vs 96.0% [93.9-97.4]; difference 3.52 percentage points [2.05-5.65]). Likewise, tribendimidine plus oxantel pamoate was n [...] non-inferior to albendazole plus oxantel pamoate (ERRs 96.5% [95% CI 94.9 to 97.6] vs 96.0% [93.9 to 97.4]; difference 0.48 percentage points [-1.61 to 2.88]). 3 h after treatment, headache (n=50 [8%])
Determining soil-transmitted helminth infection status and physical fitness of school-aged children (Publications)
STHs(3). The estimated global burden due to hookworm disease, ascariasis, and trichuriasis is 22.1, 10.5, and 6.4 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), respectively(4). Furthermore, an estimated [...] neglected STH species of global significance which arguably also causes a considerable public health impact(5,6). Multiple-species infections (i.e., different STHs harbored in a single individual) are common, and [...] sophisticated laboratory materials and is less time consuming than...
Acquired HIV drug resistance among adults living with HIV receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda: a cross-sectional nationally... (Publications)
4%) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- (NNRTI), 291 (75.5%) nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- (NRTI) and 13 (3.5%) protease inhibitor (PI) resistance-associated mutations. The most [...] History of ever switching ART regimen was associated with NRTI resistance (aOR, 2.53 [95% CI: 1.198-5.356]; p = 0.016) and NNRTI resistance (aOR, 3.23 [95% CI: 1.435-7.278], p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The