Semi-field evaluation of freestanding transfluthrin passive emanators and the BG sentinel trap as a "push-pull control strategy" against <em>Aedes... (Publications)
emanators (FTPE) and a BG sentinel trap (BGS) respectively. The FTPE contained hessian strips treated with 5.25 g of transfluthrin active ingredient. The efficacies of FTPE and BGS alone and in combination were [...] y reduce mosquito landings; the PE was 2.1% (95% CI: -2.9-7.2%). The push-pull provided a PE of 64.5% (95% CI: 59.1-69.9%). However, there was no significant difference in the PE between the push-pull
Diarrhoeal diseases among adult population in an agricultural community Hanam province, Vietnam, with high wastewater and excreta re-use (Publications)
excreta for a duration less than 3 months (OR = 2.4, AF 51%), handling human excreta in field work (OR = 5.4, AF 7%), handling animal excreta in field work (OR = 3.3, AF 36%), lack of protective measures while [...] 78%), never or rarely washing hands with soap (OR = 3.3, AF 51%), use of rainwater for drinking (OR = 5.4, AF 77%) and eating raw vegetables the day before (OR = 2.4, AF 12%). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows
Iodine nutritional status and risk factors for goitre among schoolchildren in South Tajikistan (Publications)
(CI) = 42.4%-50.6%) of children were found to be goitrous (grade 1 goitre: 30.6%, 95% CI = 26.9%-34.5%; grade 2 goitre: 16.0%, 95% CI = 13.1%-19.2%). The risk factor for goitre remaining significant in [...] month' (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.01-8.22) and 'buying salt once every six months' (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.01-5.04) compared to 'buying salt every one or two weeks'. The overall median thyroglobulin concentration
Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Q-fever in southeast Ethiopian pastoral livestock (Publications)
Brucella was 1.4% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-2.6), 0.9% (95% CI, 0.3-2.7)b and 9.6% (95% CI, 5.2-17.1) in cattle, camels and goats, respectively. Goats and older animals were at higher risk of infection [...] sera, 12.0% were positive for ELISA. The seroprevalences of C. burnetii were 31.6% (95% CI, 24.7-39.5), 90.0% (95% CI, 81.8-94.7) and 54.2% (95% CI, 46.1-62.1) in cattle, camels and goats, respectively
Concentrations of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane in women exposed to woodsmoke in a cookstove intervention study in San Marcos,... (Publications)
ranged from 11.2 to 2270.0?g/g creatinine (median: 132.6?g/g creatinine) for 8-OHdG and from 0.1 to 4.5?g/g creatinine (median: 0.8?g/g creatinine) for 8-isoprostane among all study subjects (n=84). After [...] 30-second CO exposure during the sampling period (r=-0.32, p=0.001, n=73). 48h time integrated personal PM2.5 was negatively, but marginally associated with urinary 8-isoprostane (r=-0.21, p=0.09, n=69) after
Effect of strategic gastrointestinal nematode control on fertility and mortality of N'Dama cattle in The Gambia (Publications)
similar average age. One group received a single anthelmintic treatment of fenbendazole (Panacur, 7.5 mg/kg BW, Hoechst Veterina AG) in October 1989, whereas the other group remained untreated. In July [...] 0-1 year was more than two times higher in treated animals compared to their controls (21% against 7.5%). No differences were found in older age categories. Survival analysis confirmed differences in mortality
Use of insecticide quantification kits to investigate the quality of spraying and decay rate of bendiocarb on different wall surfaces in Kagera... (Publications)
concentration was done using IQKTM [Innovative Vector Control Consortium]. RESULTS: Of the 509 samples, 89.5% met the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended concentration (between 100-400 mg/m2) for IRS target [...] decay showed that the proportion of houses with recommended concentration declined from 96.9%, 93.5% and 76.2% at months one, two, and three post IRS, respectively (p-trend = 0.03). The rate of decay
Relation between organophosphate pesticide metabolite concentrations with pesticide exposures, socio-economic factors and lifestyles: a... (Publications)
urinary DAP concentrations. Most boys (70%) lived on farms with a median age of 12 years (range: 5.0-19.5 years). Children aged > 14 years had lower DAP urine concentrations (median = 39.9 ng/ml; beta =
Efficacy and safety of mefloquine, artesunate, mefloquine-artesunate, tribendimidine, and praziquantel in patients with <em>Opisthorchis... (Publications)
19 with tribendimidine (1.87, 0.60-5.85). Egg reduction rate was 98.4% for praziquantel, 30.2% for mefloquine (egg reduction-rate ratio 1.61, 95% CI 0.21-0.72), 31.5% for artesunate (0.43, 0.23-0.80),
Prevalence and clinical relevance of helminth co-infections among tuberculosis patients in urban Tanzania (Publications)
predominant helminth species (16.6%, 161), followed by hookworm (9.0%, 87) and Schistosoma mansoni (5.7%, 55). An infection with any helminth was not associated with TB (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.26, [...] Moreover, S. mansoni infection was associated with lower sputum bacterial load (aOR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.38-5.26, p = 0.004) and tended to have fewer lung cavitations (aOR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.12-1.16, p = 0.088).