Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and its associated risk factors in the emerging dairy belts of regional cities in Ethiopia (Publications)
prevalence was 22.4% (95% CI: 17-29%) while the animal prevalence was 5.2% (95% CI: 4-6%) at the cut-off > 4 mm. The herd prevalence rose to 65.5% (95% CI: 58-72%) and the animal prevalence rose to 9% (95% CI:
Isolation of nontuberculous <em>Mycobacteria</em> from the environment of Buruli ulcer endemic communities in Ghana (Publications)
ketoreductase gene as needed. RESULTS: Among the evaluated methods, decontamination by 1M NaOH followed by 5% oxalic acid gave the highest recovery of mycobacteria (50.0%) and the least contamination (15.6%). [...] environmental samples analysed were: soil 16 (43.2 %), vegetation 14 (38.0 %), water 3 (8.0 %), moss 2 (5.4%), snail 1 (2.7 %) and fungi 1 (2.7 %). CONCLUSION: This study is the first to report on the isolation
The incidence and differential seasonal patterns of <em>Plasmodium vivax </em>primary infections and relapses in a cohort of children in Papua New... (Publications)
take imperfect detection into account. We estimate the force of P vivax primary infections to be 11.5 (10.5, 12.3) for a three-year old child per year and the mean number of relapses per infection to be 4
Evaluation of a urine pooling strategy for the rapid and cost-efficient prevalence classification of schistosomiasis (Publications)
diagnosis using pool sizes of 4, 8, and 12 was 85.9%, 79.5%, and 65.4%, respectively, when POC-CCA trace results were considered positive, and 61.5%, 47.4%, and 30.8% when POC-CCA trace results were considered
Long-term exposure to transportation noise and its association with adiposity markers and development of obesity (Publications)
overweight and obesity and a 3-category outcome combining the latter two. We assigned source-specific 5-year mean noise levels before visits and during follow-up at the most exposed dwelling facade (Lden [...] and with increased risk of obesity, longitudinally (e.g. RR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.04; 1.51, per 10dB in 5-year mean). Railway noise was significantly related to increased risk of overweight. In cross-sectional
Prevalence and clinical relevance of helminth co-infections among tuberculosis patients in urban Tanzania (Publications)
predominant helminth species (16.6%, 161), followed by hookworm (9.0%, 87) and Schistosoma mansoni (5.7%, 55). An infection with any helminth was not associated with TB (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.26, [...] Moreover, S. mansoni infection was associated with lower sputum bacterial load (aOR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.38-5.26, p = 0.004) and tended to have fewer lung cavitations (aOR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.12-1.16, p = 0.088).
Efficacy and safety of mefloquine, artesunate, mefloquine-artesunate, tribendimidine, and praziquantel in patients with <em>Opisthorchis... (Publications)
19 with tribendimidine (1.87, 0.60-5.85). Egg reduction rate was 98.4% for praziquantel, 30.2% for mefloquine (egg reduction-rate ratio 1.61, 95% CI 0.21-0.72), 31.5% for artesunate (0.43, 0.23-0.80),
Malaria intervention scale-up in Africa: effectiveness predictions for health programme planning tools, based on dynamic transmission modelling (Publications)
and acquired immunity, entail a partial rebound in malaria mortality among people above 5 years of age from around 5-7 years following scale-up. SMC does not reduce endemicity, but slightly shifts malaria
Breast cancer in women by HIV status: a report from the South African National Cancer Registry (Publications)
ics. RESULTS: From 2004-2014, 40 520 BC cases were diagnosed in women aged ≥15 years. Of these, 73.5% had unknown HIV status, 18.7% were HIV negative, and 7.7% were HIV positive. The median age at BC diagnosis [...] (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.71), Black versus non-Black (OR 6.41, 95% CI 5.68-7.23), diagnosed with cancer in rural versus urban areas (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.40-1.82) and diagnosed
Occupational exposure to malaria, leishmaniasis and arbovirus vectors in endemic regions: a systematic review (Publications)
38% (43 of 112 studies); refugees and travellers, 15% (17) each; migrant workers, 12.5% (14); miners, 9% (10); farmers, 5% (6); rubber tappers and missionaries, 1.8% (2) each; and forest workers, 0.9% (1)