Revised EU and WHO air quality thresholds: where does Europe stand? (Publications)
47.5% (36.2, 59.5%) lived in areas where the revised EU thresholds were exceeded. For PM10, the proportion of people exposed to concentrations above the WHO annual thresholds was estimated at 62.5% (54 [...] harmful pollutants, namely PM2.5, PM10, and NO2. The results have shown that in 2021, 97.6% (95% credible interval: 95.1, 99.2%) of the total European population was exposed to PM2.5 levels exceeding the new [...] above the EU values, whereas for NO2, the estimates were at 67.4% (57.9,...
Phylogenomics of <em>Mycobacterium africanum</em> reveals a new lineage and a complex evolutionary history (Publications)
known as M. tuberculosis sensu stricto, as well as two lineages (L5 and L6) traditionally referred to as Mycobacterium africanum. Strains of L5 and L6 are largely limited to West Africa for reasons unknown [...] phylogeography and evolution. Here, we analysed the genomes of 350 L5 and 320 L6 strains, isolated from patients from 21 African countries, plus 5 related genomes that had not been classified into any of the [...] Africa, the most likely ancestral distribution for both L5 and L6 was the...
Antiprotozoal and cytotoxic naphthalene derivatives from Diospyros assimilis52 (Publications)
derivatives, two 2-naphthaldehyes, namely 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-2-naphthaldehyde 1, 4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-naphthaldehye 2, its related isomer 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde 3 and three commonly [...] commonly occurring naphthoquinones, diospyrin 4, 8'-hydroxyisodiospyrin 5 and the simple monomer, plumbagin 6. Their chemical structures were established by detailed NMR investigations including 1H and 13C NMR [...] NMR, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY experiments. In addition, the naphthalene...
Antiprotozoal and cytotoxic naphthalene derivatives from Diospyros assimilis52 (Publications)
derivatives, two 2-naphthaldehyes, namely 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-2-naphthaldehyde 1, 4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-naphthaldehye 2, its related isomer 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde 3 and three commonly [...] commonly occurring naphthoquinones, diospyrin 4, 8'-hydroxyisodiospyrin 5 and the simple monomer, plumbagin 6. Their chemical structures were established by detailed NMR investigations including 1H and 13C NMR [...] NMR, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY experiments. In addition, the naphthalene...
Chronic lung function decline in cotton textile workers: roles of historical and recent exposures to endotoxin (Publications)
stratified by active versus retired work status and by years employed before the baseline survey ( < 5 and > or = 5 years). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Past exposure to endotoxin was associated with reduced FEV1 [...] exposure was more strongly associated with reduced FEV1 for those hired < 5 years before baseline than for those who were hired > or = 5 years after baseline. Recent endotoxin exposure was significantly associated [...] This prospective cohort study followed 447 cotton textile workers...
Understanding the social determinants of child mortality in Latin America over the last two decades: a machine learning approach (Publications)
for predicting U5MR according to the RF. Furthermore, non-linear relationships were found mainly for Gini index and U5MR. Our study suggests that long-term public policies to reduce U5MR in Latin America [...] learning (ML) algorithms to explore the relationship between social determinants and child under-5 mortality rates (U5MR) in Brazil, Ecuador, and Mexico over two decades. We created a municipal-level cohort from [...] random forest model (RF) to estimate the relative importance of social...
Revised EU and WHO air quality thresholds: where does Europe stand? (Publications)
47.5% (36.2, 59.5%) lived in areas where the revised EU thresholds were exceeded. For PM10, the proportion of people exposed to concentrations above the WHO annual thresholds was estimated at 62.5% (54 [...] harmful pollutants, namely PM2.5, PM10, and NO2. The results have shown that in 2021, 97.6% (95% credible interval: 95.1, 99.2%) of the total European population was exposed to PM2.5 levels exceeding the new [...] above the EU values, whereas for NO2, the estimates were at 67.4% (57.9,...
Phylogenomics of <em>Mycobacterium africanum</em> reveals a new lineage and a complex evolutionary history (Publications)
known as M. tuberculosis sensu stricto, as well as two lineages (L5 and L6) traditionally referred to as Mycobacterium africanum. Strains of L5 and L6 are largely limited to West Africa for reasons unknown [...] phylogeography and evolution. Here, we analysed the genomes of 350 L5 and 320 L6 strains, isolated from patients from 21 African countries, plus 5 related genomes that had not been classified into any of the [...] Africa, the most likely ancestral distribution for both L5 and L6 was the...
Outdoor air pollution and the burden of childhood asthma across Europe (Publications)
m(-3). PM2.5 ranged from 2.0 to 41.1 microg.m(-3), with a mean of 11.6 microg.m(-3). BC ranged from 0.003 to 3.7x10(-5)m(-1), with a mean of 1.0x10(-5)m(-1). Compliance with the NO2 and PM2.5 WHO guidelines [...] (11%) incident cases. Meeting the minimum air pollution levels for NO2 (1.5 microg.m(-3)), PM2.5 (0.4 microg.m(-3)) and BC (0.4x10(-5)m(-1)), respectively, was estimated to prevent 135 257 (23%), 191 883 (33%) [...] We estimated the burden of incident childhood asthma that may be...
Outdoor air pollution and the burden of childhood asthma across Europe (Publications)
m(-3). PM2.5 ranged from 2.0 to 41.1 microg.m(-3), with a mean of 11.6 microg.m(-3). BC ranged from 0.003 to 3.7x10(-5)m(-1), with a mean of 1.0x10(-5)m(-1). Compliance with the NO2 and PM2.5 WHO guidelines [...] (11%) incident cases. Meeting the minimum air pollution levels for NO2 (1.5 microg.m(-3)), PM2.5 (0.4 microg.m(-3)) and BC (0.4x10(-5)m(-1)), respectively, was estimated to prevent 135 257 (23%), 191 883 (33%) [...] We estimated the burden of incident childhood asthma that may be...