Ambient air pollution and adult asthma incidence in six European cohorts (ESCAPE) (Publications)
95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 10 mug/m3), PM2.5 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 5 mug/m3), PM2.5absorbance (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.19 per 10-5/m), traffic load (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% [...] 10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 5,000 vehicles/day on the nearest road). A nonsignificant negative association was estimated for PMcoarse (adjusted OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.14 per 5 mug/m3). CONCLUSIONS: Results
A comparison of linear regression, regularization, and machine learning algorithms to develop Europe-wide spatial models of fine particles and... (Publications)
measured at 416 (PM2.5) and 1396 sites (NO2) from the ESCAPE study. We further assessed the correlations between predictions by each pair of algorithms at the ESCAPE sites. For PM2.5, the models performed [...] predictive ability. This study compared 16 algorithms to predict annual average fine particle (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations across Europe. The evaluated algorithms included linear stepwise [...] monitoring data from the AIRBASE dataset maintained by the European...
The effect of case management and vector-control interventions on space-time patterns of malaria incidence in Uganda (Publications)
children < 5 years and individuals > /= 5 years, respectively. The ITN effect was not statistically important in older individuals. The space-time patterns of malaria incidence in children < 5 are similar [...] district-aggregated monthly malaria cases, reported by two age groups, defined by a cut-off age of 5 years. The effects of interventions were adjusted for socio-economic and climatic factors. Spatial and [...] pattern with two peaks during May-July and September-December. Average monthly...
Potential associations between <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em> infection and physico-chemical characteristics and water-related human activities in Côte... (Publications)
prevalence ofS. mansoni and S. haematobium were 27.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.5-34.3%) and 0.1% (95% CI 0.03-0.5%), respectively. Low prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths was observed with 2.4% [...] 50). Children aged 9-14 years showed a higher prevalence than their younger counterparts aged 5-8 years (34.5% vs. 22.7%, OR: 1.80, 95% CI 1.42-2.27). High infection prevalence was observed in villages where [...] western part of Côte d'Ivoire. Stool and urine samples were collected...
Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and mortality in Europe: results from six European administrative cohorts within the ELAPSE... (Publications)
PM2.5 or NO2 adjustment [pooled HRs (95% CI) per 50ng/m(3) in K: 1.025 (1.008, 1.044), 1.020 (0.999, 1.042) and per 100ng/m(3) in Si: 1.121 (1.039, 1.209), 1.068 (1.022, 1.117) adjusted for PM2.5 and NO2 [...] nickel (Ni), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were estimated using 100x100m Europe-wide hybrid land use regression models assigned to the participants' [...] covariates to evaluate associations with natural mortality. Two pollutant...
Safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of PfSPZ vaccine against malaria in infants in western Kenya: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase... (Publications)
n malaria setting in western Kenya ( NCT02687373 ). Groups of 84 infants each received 4.5 x 10(5), 9.0 x 10(5) or 1.8 x 10(6) PfSPZ Vaccine or saline three times at 8-week intervals. The vaccine was well [...] protection against P. falciparum infection in any dose group at 6 months (VE in the 9.0 x 10(5) dose group = -6.5%, P = 0.598, the primary statistical end point of the study). VE against clinical malaria [...] . We conducted a multi-arm, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial...
Associations of air pollution and greenness with the nasal microbiota of healthy infants: a longitudinal study (Publications)
(SD) PM2.5 level was 17.1 (3.8mug/m(3)) and mean (SD) NO2 level was 19.7 (7.9mug/m(3)). Increased PM2.5 and increased NO2 were associated with reduced within-subject Ruzicka dissimilarity (PM2.5: per 1mug/m(3) [...] long-term respiratory health. We aimed to examine associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and greenness with the nasal microbiota of healthy infants during the first [...] d the association of satellite-based greenness and an 8-day-average...
Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infections and related antibiotic resistance in Freetown, Sierra Leone: a prospective cohort study (Publications)
patients, 245 (72.5%) and 93 (27.5%) had their surgeries at the tertiary and secondary hospitals, respectively. Many were males 192 (56.8%), less than 35 years 164 (48.5%), and 39 (11.5%) developed an SSI [...] Enterococci. The most common isolates were Escherichia coli (12, 24.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10, 20.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii (5, 10.2%), Klebsiella oxytoca (4, 8.2%) and Enterococcus faecalis (4
Short-term vs conventional glucocorticoid therapy in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the REDUCE randomized clinical... (Publications)
However, the optimal dose and duration are unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a short-term (5 days) systemic glucocorticoid treatment in patients with COPD exacerbation is noninferior to conventional [...] the Use of Corticosteroids in Exacerbated COPD), a randomized, noninferiority multicenter trial in 5 Swiss teaching hospitals, enrolling 314 patients presenting to the emergency department with acute COPD [...] March 2006 through February 2011. INTERVENTIONS Treatment with 40 mg of...
Efficacy and safety of albendazole plus ivermectin, albendazole plus mebendazole, albendazole plus oxantel pamoate, and mebendazole alone against... (Publications)
(74 of 108 children cured [68.5%, 95% CI 59.6-77.4]; egg reduction 99.2%, 98.7-99.6) and albendazole plus ivermectin (30 of 109 cured [27.5%, 19.0-36.0]; egg reduction 94.5%, 91.7-96.3) were significantly [...] for albendazole plus oxantel pamoate, and 16 (14.5%) for mebendazole; headaches were reported by 5 (4.6%) children for albendazole plus ivermectin, 6 (5.6%) for albendazole plus mebendazole, 12 (10.9%) [...] effective against T trichiura than mebendazole alone (nine of 107 cured [8.4%,...