<em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> is associated with significant morbidity in rural Cambodia, including stunting in children (Publications)
d participants after treatment. Urticaria (66% vs. 11%, OR: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.1) and abdominal pain (81 vs. 27%, OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02-0.2) were mostly resolved by treatment. S. stercoralis infection [...] ts. Urticaria (55% vs. 47%, OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6) and itching (52% vs. 48%, OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0-1.4) were more frequently reported by infected participants. Gastrointestinal, dermatological, and
Cleaning at home and at work in relation to lung function decline and airway obstruction (Publications)
cleaning at home (-22.1; P = 0.01) and occupational cleaners (-22.4; P = 0.03). The same was found for decline in FVC (DeltaFVC = -8.8 ml/yr; -13.1, P = 0.02; and -15.9, P = 0.002; respectively). Both cleaning [...] cleaning sprays and other cleaning agents were associated with accelerated FEV1 decline (-22.0, P = 0.04; and -22.9, P = 0.004; respectively). Cleaning was not significantly associated with lung function decline
Distribution and treatment needs of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Bangladesh: a Bayesian geostatistical analysis of 2017-2020 national survey data (Publications)
hookworm across all ages is estimated at 9.9% (95% Bayesian credible interval: 8.0-13.0%), 4.3% (3.0-7.3%), and 0.6% (0.4-0.9%), respectively. There were 24 out of 64 districts with an estimated populat [...] earth fraction was related to a high hookworm prevalence. Furthermore, we estimated that 30.5 (27.2; 36.0) million dosages of anthelmintic treatments for school-age children were required per year in Bangladesh
Impact of the diagnostic test Xpert MTB/RIF on patient outcomes for tuberculosis (Review) (Publications)
(risk ratio (RR) 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75 to 1.05; 5 RCTs, 9932 participants, moderate-certainty evidence), and restricted to studies with six-month follow-up (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.22; 3 [...] probably a reduction in mortality in participants known to be infected with HIV (odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.96; 5 RCTs, 5855 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). It is uncertain whether Xpert [...] bacteriological confirmation who were lost to follow-up pre-treatment...
Impact of the diagnostic test Xpert MTB/RIF on patient outcomes for tuberculosis (Review) (Publications)
(risk ratio (RR) 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75 to 1.05; 5 RCTs, 9932 participants, moderate-certainty evidence), and restricted to studies with six-month follow-up (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.22; 3 [...] probably a reduction in mortality in participants known to be infected with HIV (odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.96; 5 RCTs, 5855 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). It is uncertain whether Xpert [...] bacteriological confirmation who were lost to follow-up pre-treatment...
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in rural Tanzania: the prospective Kilombero and Ulanga antiretroviral cohort (Publications)
ART use was protective [HR 0.15, (0.08-0.27); p [...] (1.14-2.31); p = 0.006]. The adjusted hazard ratios [HR (95% CI)] for death/LTFU in EPTB patients were significantly increased for patients aged > 45 years [HR 1.95, (1.15-3.3); p = 0.013], whereas ART [...] CD4+ cell count of 229/mul (IQR 94-421) at baseline. During the median follow-up of 1.25 years (IQR 0.46-2.85), 574 (18.4%) subjects were diagnosed with tuberculosis, whereof 175 (30.5%) had an extrapulmonary
Association between the proportion of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> infections detected by passive surveillance and the... (Publications)
5.3-25.0) for P falciparum and 10.1% (5.0-18.3) for P vivax and decreased as the estimated log-PCR community prevalence increased (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for P falciparum 0.63, 95% CI 0.57-0.69; adjusted [...] adjusted OR for P vivax 0.52, 0.47-0.57). Factors associated with increasing P(Detect) included smaller catchment population size, high transmission season, improved care-seeking behaviour by infected individuals
Macrophage susceptibility to infection by Ghanaian <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex lineages 4 and 5 varies with self-reported ethnicity (Publications)
L4 strains (p < 0.001), translating into a higher bacillary load on day 7 (p < 0.001) compared to L5, despite the higher replication rate of L5 in Ewe MDMs (fold change: 1.4 vs. 1.2, p = 0.03) among the [...] L4 = 1.1, p = 0.04). Although there was no significant difference in the uptake of L4 and L5 among cured TB cases, there was a higher bacterial load of both L4 (p = 0.02) and L5 (p = 0.02) on day 7 in [...] we observed a significantly higher phagocytic uptake of L5 (p < 0.001) compared to...
Health service quality in 2929 facilities in six low-income and middle-income countries: a positive deviance analysis (Publications)
score was 0.81 (SD 0.07) for the best-performing hospitals and 0.44 (0.09) for the worst-performing hospitals. Among clinics, mean GMPI scores were 0.75 (0.07) for the best performers and 0.34 (0.10) for
Maternal drinking behaviour and co-exposure from smoking during and after pregnancy in relation to the neurocognitive function of school-children in... (Publications)
attention [beta:-0.03; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.05;-0.004] and between maternal drinking during pregnancy and reduced child's spatial working memory (beta: -0.59; CI: -1.02; -0.15). Heavy (> 5 [...] lowered child's learning in memory (beta:-1.69; 95% CI: -3.05; -0.33) and lower health-related quality of life (beta: -3.41; CI: -6.64; -0.17). The odds of a child repeating a grade were 1.69 (CI: 2.81-1 [...] 81-1.02) for those exposed to maternal gestational smoking and 1.68 (CI:...
