Target product profile choices for intra-domiciliary malaria vector control pesticide products: repel or kill? (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The most common pesticide products for controlling malaria-transmitting mosquitoes combine two distinct modes of action: 1) conventional insecticidal activity which kills mosquitoes exposed [...] mosquitoes to non-users rather than killing them outright. METHODS: A process-explicit model of malaria transmission is described which captures the sequential interaction between deterrent and toxic actions
Spatio-temporal malaria transmission patterns in Navrongo demographic surveillance site, northern Ghana (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The relationship between entomological measures of malaria transmission intensity and mortality remains uncertain. This is partly because transmission is heterogeneous even within small ge [...] analysed data from Kassena-Nankana districts in northern Ghana to obtain small area estimates of malaria transmission rates allowing for this uncertainty.METHODS: Independent Bayesian geostatistical models [...] mosquito densities.CONCLUSION: This study confirms the presence of...
Spatio-temporal analysis of the role of climate in inter-annual variation of malaria incidence in Zimbabwe (Publications)
inter-annual variation in malaria incidence. Quantitative description of the space-time effect of this association has practical implications for the development of operational malaria early warning system [...] system (MEWS) and malaria control. We used Bayesian negative binomial models for spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between annual malaria incidence and selected climatic covariates at a district level [...] 1988-1999. RESULTS: Considerable inter-annual variations were observed...
Modelling the epidemiological impact of intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in infants (Publications)
preventive treatment against malaria in infants (IPTi) using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) have shown a positive, albeit variable, protective efficacy against clinical malaria episodes. The impact of IPTi [...] periods. The predicted cumulative benefits were proportionately slightly greater for severe malaria episodes and malaria-attributable mortality than for acute episodes in the settings modelled. Modest increased [...] mortality. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We used a comprehensive,...
Inaugural meeting of the malaria policy advisory committee to the WHO: conclusions and recommendations (Publications)
conclusions and recommendations from that meeting, as part of the newly launched Malaria Journal thematic series "WHO Malaria Policy Advisory Committee: Reports and Recommendations".Summaries are provided [...] sessions on global malaria control, drug resistance and containment, rapid diagnostic test procurement criteria, larviciding, classification of countries for elimination, estimating malaria cases and deaths [...] The Malaria Policy Advisory Committee to the World Health Organization met...
Evidence of blood stage efficacy with a virosomal malaria vaccine in a phase IIa clinical trial (Publications)
indicates that a combination vaccine targeting different stages of the malaria life cycle is likely to provide the most effective malaria vaccine. This trial was the first to combine two existing vaccination [...] ts were healthy, malaria naive volunteers, from Oxford. The interventions were vaccination with PEV3A alone, or PEV3A+FFM ME-TRAP. The main outcome measure was protection from malaria in a sporozoite challenge [...] stages of the P. falciparum life cycle. METHODS: This was a Phase...
Malaria surveillance-response strategies in different transmission zones of the People's Republic of China: preparing for climate change (Publications)
understanding of malaria transmission patterns in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China) is crucial for designing effective surveillance-response strategies that can guide the national malaria elimination [...] survival derived from monthly mean temperature and YRH were generated. For each decade, the final malaria prediction map was overlaid by two mask maps, in terms of number of months suitable for parasite [...] 60%. RESULTS: Considering multiple environmental factors simultaneously,...
Towards malaria elimination: a new thematic series (Publications)
launch of a new thematic series of Malaria Journal -- "Towards malaria elimination" -- creates the forum that allows carrying scientific evidence on how to achieve malaria elimination in specific endemic
Measures of clinical malaria in field trials of interventions against <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> (Publications)
IIb or III malaria vaccine trials were simulated corresponding to each of a pre-erythrocytic, blood stage, and anti-disease vaccine, each in a population with 80% prevalence of patent malaria infection [...] BACKGROUND: Standard methods for defining clinical malaria in intervention trials in endemic areas do not guarantee that efficacy estimates will be unbiased, and do not indicate whether the intervention [...] between morbidity and parasite density and the performance of different case...
The contribution of reduction in malaria as a cause of rapid decline of under-five mortality: evidence from the Rufiji Health and Demographic... (Publications)
settings. Malaria-related mortality is known to be a major component of childhood causes of death and malaria remains a major focus of health interventions. The paper explored the contribution of malaria relative [...] remained the leading cause of death for neonates, malaria remains as the leading cause of death for post-neonates followed by pneumonia. However, declines in malaria death rates accounted for 49.9% of the observed [...] accounted for only 19.9%. CONCLUSION: To achieve MDG 4 in mal...