Estimation of heterogeneity in malaria transmission by stochastic modelling of apparent deviations from mass action kinetics (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Quantifying heterogeneity in malaria transmission is a prerequisite for accurate predictive mathematical models, but the variance in field measurements of exposure overestimates true micro [...] challenge by infectious vectors. This appears to violate the principle of mass action that is implied by malaria biology. Micro-heterogeneity may be the reason for this anomaly. It is proposed that the level of [...] exposure. METHODS: The relationship between the entomological inoculation...
Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high... (Publications)
experienced extremely high malaria transmission in the 1990s. By 2001-03, following high usage rates (75% of all age groups) of untreated bed nets, a 4.2-fold reduction in malaria transmission intensity was [...] Anopheles arabiensis was only 38%. CONCLUSION: Insecticide treatment of nets reduced the intensity of malaria transmission in addition to that achieved by the untreated nets alone. Impacts were most pronounced
Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in Papua New Guinean infants exposed to <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>P. vivax</em>: a... (Publications)
(PE) against all episodes of clinical malaria from 3 to 15 mo of age. Analysis was by modified intention to treat. The PE (compared to placebo) against clinical malaria episodes (caused by all species) was [...] No rebound in malaria morbidity was observed for 6 mo following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: IPTi using a long half-life drug combination is efficacious for the prevention of malaria and anemia in infants [...] Intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) has been shown in...
Opportunities and limiting factors of intensive vegetable farming in malaria endemic Côte d'Ivoire (Publications)
14-15 days, with malaria accounting for 8-9 days (58%), confirming that malaria is the most important disease in this setting. There was a large heterogeneity among farmers, with malaria-related work losses [...] advance. The purpose of this study is to assess and quantify the effect of ill health, particularly malaria, on the performance of farm activity, with an emphasis on drip-irrigated vegetable farming in rural [...] revenues. During a single cabbage production cycle, those farmers who...
Safety and immunogenicity of RTS,S/AS02D malaria vaccine in infants (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The RTS,S/AS malaria vaccine is being developed for delivery through the World Health Organization's Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). We assessed the feasibility of integrating RTS,S/AS02D [...] The detection of antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite and efficacy against malaria infection were secondary objectives. RESULTS: At least one serious adverse event was reported in [...] dose of vaccine, the efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02D vaccine against first...
Assessing the impact of malaria interventions on morbidity through a community-based surveillance system (Publications)
programme's impact on the community and health facility burden of malaria and to investigate the value of community-based reporting for routine malaria control programme monitoring. METHODS: This work was implemented [...] data on reported history of fever and severe malaria (convulsions) based on a 2-week recall. In parallel, we collected in-patient and out-patient fever and malaria diagnoses data from the 15 health facilities [...] l decline in the community burden of malaria morbidity between...