Elimination of schistosomiasis transmission in Zanzibar: baseline findings before the onset of a randomized intervention trial (Publications)
in school children and adults was 4.3% (range: 0-19.7%) and 2.7% (range: 0-26.5%) in Unguja, and 8.9% (range: 0-31.8%) and 5.5% (range: 0-23.4%) in Pemba, respectively. Heavy infections were detected in [...] various institutions and stakeholders have joined forces to eliminate urogenital schistosomiasis within 5 years. We report baseline findings before the onset of a randomized intervention trial designed to assess
Bovine tuberculosis at a cattle-small ruminant-human interface in Meskan, Gurage region, central Ethiopia (Publications)
(CI: 5.4-8.5%) with 100% herd prevalence. Only three small ruminants (2 sheep and 1 goat) were reactors. The overall individual prevalence in small ruminants (> 2 mm cut-off) was 0.4% (CI: 0.03-5.1%) with [...] were all PPD negative. 83% of the owners kept their sheep and goats inside their house at night and 5% drank regularly goat milk.FNAs were taken from 33 TBLN suspected cases out of a total of 127 screened
Spatial distribution of schistosomiasis and treatment needs in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and geostatistical analysis (Publications)
sis and rigorous variable selection to predict infection risk over a grid of 1?155?818 pixels at 5?×?5 km, on the basis of environmental and socioeconomic predictors and to calculate the number of doses [...] suggest that 163 million (95% Bayesian credible interval [CrI] 155 million to 172 million; 18·5%, 17·6-19·5) of the sub-Saharan African population was infected in 2012. Mozambique had the highest prevalence
Quality assurance of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in routine patient care in rural Tanzania (Publications)
of the study team. Ten thousand six hundred fifty (10,650) patients were tested with RDTs, and 51.5% (5,488/10,650) had a positive test result. Blood smear results were available for 3,914 patients, of [...] for P. falciparum malaria. Overall RDT sensitivity was 90.7% (range by facility 85.7-96.5%) and specificity was 73.5% (range 50.0-84.3%). Sensitivity increased with increasing parasite density. Successful
The effectiveness of community health worker training, equipping, and deployment in reducing COVID-19 infections and deaths in rural western Kenya: a... (Publications)
(the mean monthly CHW household visits in Siaya was 146,648.5, standard deviation 11,066.5 versus 42,644.5 in Kisii, standard deviation 899.5, p value = 0.01). Deploying trained and equipped CHWs in rural
Long-term exposure to airborne metals and risk of cancer in the French cohort Gazel (Publications)
specific compounds that make ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) carcinogen remain poorly identified. Some metals contribute to ambient PM2.5 and possibly to its adverse effects. But the challenge of assessing [...] findings were consistent across supplementary analyses, albeit attenuated when accounting for total PM2.5. Regarding specific site cancers, we estimated positive associations mostly for bladder, and generally [...] were associated with risk of cancer. These findings may help...
Community-based wound management in a rural setting of Côte d'Ivoire (Publications)
age was 10 years (IQR 7-15), 63.0% of patients were male. Almost all (99.5%, 870/874) wounds closed within the observation period, 5.3% (49/923) were lost to follow-up. Wounds primarily treated in C, HC and [...] and DH presented with secondary bacterial infections in 10.3% (36/350), 31.0% (133/429) and 100% (5/5) of cases, respectively. Recapturing was required in 68.3% (630/923) of wounds with participants reporting
Dynamics and risk of transmission of bovine tuberculosis in the emerging dairy regions of Ethiopia (Publications)
apparent prevalence of bTB, as measured by the SICCT test, was 4.5% (95% CI 3.7-5.4%) at the individual animal-level and 24% (95% CI 17.5-32%) at the herd-level. There was no statistically significant change [...] consistent with the infection being endemic. The incidence rate was estimated at 3.6 (95% CI 2.8-4.5) and 6.6 (95% CI 3.0-12.6) cases/100 cattle (or herd)-years at the animal- and herd-levels, respectively
Dolutegravir in real life: self-reported mental and physical health outcomes after transitioning from efavirenz- to dolutegravir-based antiretroviral... (Publications)
median age was 46 years (interquartile range [IQR] 38-55), and the median time taking ART was 5.7 years (IQR 3.5-8.9). No change was observed for weight or overall PHQ-9 or SF-12 outcomes. However, three [...] , strange/vivid dreams' (6.3% vs. 3.5%; adjusted p = 0.027). Individual PHQ-9 or SF-12 items also improved. Being symptom free across all measures increased from 5.1% to 11.4% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:
Investigating the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and greenness with mortality from neurological, cardio-metabolic and chronic... (Publications)
collected socioeconomic and mortality data for 1035 municipal units from the 2011 Census. Annual PM2.5, NO2, BC and O3 concentrations for 2010 were predicted at 100x100m grids by hybrid land use regression [...] We assessed interactions between pollutants and greenness. An interquartile range increase in PM2.5, NO2 and BC was associated with increased risk in mortality from diseases of the nervous system (relative [...] 1.14, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.18); 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.04); 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00,...