<em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em> and <em>Trichuris trichiura</em> infections associated with wastewater and human excreta use in agriculture in Vietnam (Publications)
Cryptosporidium parvum 5% and Cyclospora cayetanensis 1%). People having close contact with polluted Nhue River water had a higher risk of helminth infections (odds ratio [OR]=1.5, 95% confidence interval [...] human excreta for application in the field had an increased risk for a T. trichiura infection (OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.3). In contrast, tap water use in households was a protective factor against any helminth [...] had generally lower prevalences (OR=0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0), participants...
First results of phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African children (Publications)
intention-to-treat population and 55.8% (97.5% CI, 50.6 to 60.4) in the per-protocol population. Vaccine efficacy against severe malaria was 45.1% (95% CI, 23.8 to 60.5) in the intention-to-treat population [...] through January 2011, we enrolled 15,460 children in two age categories - 6 to 12 weeks of age and 5 to 17 months of age - for vaccination with either RTS,S/AS01 or a non-malaria comparator vaccine. The [...] efficacy against clinical malaria during the 12 months after vaccination in...
Intestinal parasite prevalence in an area of Ethiopia after implementing the SAFE strategy, enhanced outreach services, and health extension program (Publications)
9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.2-12.7%), 9.7% (5.9-13.4%), and 2.6% (1.6-3.7%), respectively. The prevalence of S. mansoni was 2.9% (95% CI 0.2-5.5%) but infection was highly focal (range by community [...] 4%). The prevalence of any of these helminth infections was 24.2% (95% CI 17.6-30.9%) compared to 48.5% as found in a previous study in 1995 using the Kato-Katz technique. The pathogenic intestinal protozoa
The production and antiprotozoal activity of abietane diterpenes in <em>Salvia austriaca</em> hairy roots grown in shake-flasks and bioreactor (Publications)
Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH), Gamborg (B5) and woody plant (WPM) media, with both full and half-strength macro- and micro-nutrient concentrations ((1/2) SH, (1/2) B5 and (1/2) WPM). Among the tested media [...] (1.15 mg g-1 DW; equivalent to 17.4 mg L-1), 15-deoxy-fuerstione (2.15 mg g-1 DW; equivalent to 32.5 mg L-1) and 7-(2'-oxohexyl)-taxodione (0.076 mg g-1 DW; equivalent to 1.1 mg L-1). Three diterpenes [...] (IC50 values ranging from 0.62 to 194.7 microM) and lower selectivity (SI value...
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in rural Tanzania: the prospective Kilombero and Ulanga antiretroviral cohort (Publications)
pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB and EPTB were 17.9/1000person-years (py) (95% CI 14.2-22.6) and 5.8/1000 py (95% CI 4.0-8.5), respectively. The combined endpoint of death and LTFU was observed in 1058 (33.8%) patients [...] a combined endpoint of lost to follow-up (LTFU) and death. RESULTS: We included 3,129 subjects (64.5% female) with a median age of 38 years (interquartile range [IQR] 31-46) and a median CD4+ cell count [...] 1.25 years (IQR 0.46-2.85), 574 (18.4%) subjects were diagnosed with...
Long-term exposure to road traffic noise, ambient air pollution, and cardiovascular risk factors in the HUNT and lifelines cohorts (Publications)
(IQR) higher day-time noise (5.1 dB(A)) was associated with 1.1% [95% confidence interval (95% CI: 0.02-2.2%)] higher hsCRP, 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3-1.1%) higher triglycerides, and 0.5% (95% CI: 0.3-0.7%) higher [...] triglycerides (1.9%, 95% CI: 1.5-2.4% and 2.2%, 95% CI: 1.6-2.7%), independent of adjustment for noise. Additionally for NO2, a significant association with hsCRP (1.9%, 95% CI: 0.5-3.3%) was seen. In Lifelines
Development of land use regression models for nitrogen dioxide, ultrafine particles, lung deposited surface area, and four other markers of... (Publications)
particulate air pollution. We developed multi-area LUR models for biannual average concentrations of PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10, PMcoarse, PNC and LDSA, as well as alpine, non-alpine and study area specific [...] variance (R(2)) was moderate for the various PM mass fractions PM2.5 (0.57), PM10 (0.63) and PMcoarse (0.45), and was high for PM2.5 absorbance (0.81), PNC (0.87) and LDSA (0.91). Study-area specific LUR
Prevalence and risk factors of schistosomiasis and hookworm infection in seasonal transmission settings in northern Côte d'Ivoire: a cross-sectional... (Publications)
two departments; Ferkessédougou (5.4%, 95% CI: 2.5-9.9%) and Ouangolodougou (2.7%, 95% CI: 0.9-6.3%). Hookworm was the only STH species observed with a prevalence of 1.5% (95% CI: 0.8-2.8%). A higher risk [...] females, but the difference was not statistically significant (2.3% versus 1.3%, odds ratio [OR]: 1.5, 95% CI: 0.8-2.7). Participants aged 16-20 years showed the highest prevalence of S. haematobium. A
Prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among children in pastoralist and agro-pastoralist communities in the Adadle... (Publications)
and from collected rainwater (aOR 9.48, 95%CI 3.39, 26.5), with toilet sharing (aOR 2.93, 95%CI 1.36, 6.31) and with household ownership of cattle (1-5 cattle: aOR 1.65, 95%CI 1.13, 2.41; 6+ cattle: aOR 2 [...] IPIs and associated risk factors during the wet season from May-June 2021 in 366 children aged 2 to 5 years in four agro-pastoralist and four pastoralist kebeles (wards) in Adadle woreda (district) of the [...] was 24.9%: 21.9% Giardia intestinalis, and 3.0% Entamoeba spp.. Intestinal...
Farmers' valuation and willingness to pay for vaccines to protect livestock resources against priority infectious diseases in Ghana (Publications)
Mean WTP for PPR vaccination was USD 1.17 or GHC 7.02 (95% CI: GHC 5.99-GHC 8.05) per sheep, and USD 1.1 or GHC 6.66 (95% CI: GHC 5.89-GHC 7.44) per goat. WTP was positively associated with resilience [...] covariates. To attain 70% vaccination coverage in Ghana, vaccination costs should be no larger than GHC 5.30 (USD 0.88) for CBPP per cattle and GHC 3.89 (USD 0.65) and GHC 3.67 (USD 0.61), respectively, for [...] willing to pay vaccination costs that exceed the prevailing market prices (GHC...