Indoors man-biting mosquitoes and their implication on malaria transmission in Mpwapwa and Iringa Districts, Tanzania (Publications)
Culex quinquefasciatus. Other species including Cx cinereus, An. coustani and Aedes spp accounted for 0.5% of the mosquito population. In Iringa, more mosquitoes were collected by pyrethrum spray catch than [...] trapping technique. The light trap catch: spray catch ratio in Iringa and Mpwapwa was 1:1.15 and 2.5:1, respectively. Indoor pyrethrum spray catch gave an overall estimate of An. gambiae density of 8 and [...] densities of house entering mosquitoes were found to range from 0 to 135 in...
Synthesis and antimalarial and antituberculosis activities of a series of natural and unnatural 4-methoxy-6-styryl-pyran-2-ones, dihydro analogues and... (Publications)
falciparum (IC(50) 1.5 and 1.7muM) with good selectivity (SI approximately 80). The 4-tert-butyl aniba-dimer A analogue 33 also exhibited activity towards L. donovani (IC(50) 4.5muM), suggesting further [...] analogues were typically less active or lacked selectivity. Head-to-head and head-to-tail photodimers 5 and 34 exhibited moderate IC(50)s of 2.3 to 17muM towards several of the parasitic organisms, while
High temperature and hospitalizations for cardiovascular and respiratory causes in 12 European cities (Publications)
above a threshold, respiratory admissions increased by +4.5% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-7.3) and +3.1% (95% confidence interval, 0.8-5.5) in the 75+ age group in Mediterranean and North-Continental
Association between short term exposure to fine particulate matter and heart rate variability in older subjects with and without heart disease (Publications)
in 1 hour mean outdoor PM2.5 before the HRV measurement and a change in HF-HRV power in individuals with CVD (3% increase in median HF-HRV (95% CI -19 to 32)) or without CVD (5% decrease in median HF-HRV [...] (95% CI -34 to 36)). Similarly, no association was evident using 4 hour and 24 hour mean outdoor PM2.5 exposures before the HRV measurement. CONCLUSION: No association was found between increased residence
Cross-sectional associations between air pollution and chronic bronchitis: an ESCAPE meta-analysis across five cohorts (Publications)
PMcoarse OR 1.31 (1.05 to 1.64) per 5 microg/m3 increase and PM10 with similar effect size. Sensitivity analyses of older cohorts showed increased risk of chronic cough with PM2.5abs (black carbon) exposures. [...] Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) project. METHODS: Annual average particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMabsorbance, PMcoarse), NO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and road traffic measures modelled from ESCAPE
Efficacy and safety of ivermectin against <em>Trichuris trichiura </em>in preschool- and school-aged children: a randomized controlled dose-finding... (Publications)
cure rates (20.9% [95% CI 11.9-52.8%] vs. 19.5% [95% CI 10.4-49.9%]) and geometric mean egg-reduction rates (78.6% [95% CI 60.1-89.5%] vs. 68.2% [95% CI 40.5 to 84.8%]). In school-aged children even a dose
Antiprotozoal diterpenes from <em>Perovskia abrotanoides</em> (Publications)
IC50 of 2.9 microM (SI 19.2) against P. falciparum, and miltiodiol (10: ) with an IC50 of 0.5 microM (SI 10.5) against T. b. rhodesiense. None of the compounds exhibited selective toxicity against T. cruzi [...] -17: ), including 14 abietane-, two icetexane-, and one isopimarane-type derivatives. Among these, (5R,10S)-11-hydroxy-12-methoxy-20-norabieta-8,11,13-triene (2: ), 12-hydroxy-norabieta-1(10),8,11,13-tetraene-1
Screening a repurposing library, the Medicines for Malaria Venture Stasis Box, against <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em> (Publications)
highly active on adult worms in vitro (IC50 = 2.0-7.5 muM). IC50 values on adult S. mansoni decreased substantially in the presence of albumin (7.5-123.5 muM). Toxicity to L6 and MRC cells was moderate. A
Short-term effects of air pollution on total and cardiovascular mortality: the confounding effect of influenza epidemics (Publications)
associated with particulates (PM10). We used 10 methods to control for epidemics (5 derived from influenza data and 5 from respiratory mortality series) and compared those results with analyses that did [...] cases (% change in the pooled regression coefficient: -1.9 to 38.9 for total mortality and 1.3 to 25.5 for cardiovascular mortality). A 10-microg/m increase in PM10 concentrations (lag 0-1) was associated
<em>Ent</em>-pimarane and <em>ent</em>-kaurane diterpenes from <em>Aldama discolor</em> (Asteraceae) and their antiprotozoal activity (Publications)
ent-kaurane 1 showed significant in vitro activity against both P. falciparum (IC 50 = 3.5 mu M) and L. donovani (IC 50 = 2.5 mu M) and ent-pimarane 2 against P. falciparum (IC 50 = 3.8 mu M). Both compounds [...] candidates for in vivo tests. In addition to the diterpenes, the sesquiterpene lactone budlein A (5), which has been reported to possess a strong anti-T. b. rhodesiense activity, was identified as major