Beyond malaria: causes of fever in outpatient Tanzanian children (Publications)
symptoms or signs) in 11.9%, malaria in 10.5%, gastroenteritis in 10.3%, urinary tract infection in 5.9%, typhoid fever in 3.7%, skin or mucosal infection in 1.5%, and meningitis in 0.2%. The cause of fever [...] Of 1005 children (22.6% of whom had multiple diagnoses), 62.2% had an acute respiratory infection; 5.0% of these infections were radiologically confirmed pneumonia. A systemic bacterial, viral, or parasitic [...] fever was undetermined in 3.2% of the children. A total of 70.5% of the...
Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and... (Publications)
Residential annual average exposure to elemental constituents within particle matter smaller than 2.5 and 10mum (PM2.5 and PM10) was estimated using Land Use Regression models. Eight elements representing major [...] the combined HR was 0.96 (0.84-1.09). Elevated combined HRs were found for PM2.5 Si (1.17, 95% CI: 0.93-1.47), and S in PM2.5 (1.08, 95% CI: 0.95-1.22) and PM10 (1.09, 95% CI: 0.90-1.32). CONCLUSION: In [...] We found no statistically significant associations between any of the...
Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablets compared with crushed commercial tablets in African infants and children with... (Publications)
rate. We aimed to show non-inferiority (with a margin of -5%) of dispersible versus crushed tablet. We constructed an asymptotic one-sided 97.5% CI on the difference in cure rates. A computer-generated [...] 3-99.2) in the group on dispersible formulation and 98.5% (97.4-99.7) in the group on crushed formulation. The lower bound of the one-sided 97.5% CI was -2.7%. The most common drug-related adverse event [...] with uncomplicated malaria. METHODS: We did a randomised non-inferiority study on...
Residential proximity to major roads and term low birth weight: the roles of air pollution, heat, noise, and road-adjacent trees (Publications)
term low birth weight (LBW), while exploring possible mediating roles of air pollution (PM2.5, PM2.5-10, PM10, PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides), heat, and noise and buffering effect [...] interquartile range increase in heat exposure with an 18% increase; and third-trimester exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 with 24%, 25%, and 26% increases, respectively. Air pollution and heat exposures together
Particulate matter air pollution components and risk for lung cancer (Publications)
residence during follow-up, statistically significant associations were found for PM2.5 Cu (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53 per 5ng/m3), PM10 Zn (1.28; 1.02-1.59 per 20ng/m3), PM10 S (1.58; 1.03-2.44 per 200ng/m3) [...] 33 per 100ng/m3). In two-pollutant models, associations between PM10 and PM2.5 and lung cancer were largely explained by PM2.5 S. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the association between PM in air [...] land-use regression models for eight elements (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and...
The WHO ultrasonography protocol for assessing morbidity due to <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em>: acceptance and evolution over 14 years: systematic... (Publications)
between 55.56 % (5/9) in the period from 2001 to 2004, to 87.50 % (7/8) from 2005 to 2008, to 62.50 % (5/8) from 2009 to 2011 and 75.00 % (6/8) from 2012 through 2014 (all studies: 50 % [5/10], 88.89 % [8/9] [...] [8/9], 62.50 % [5/8], 63.64 % [7/11], respectively). The Niamey protocol was applied also in 2/5 hospital studies in 282/544 (51.84 %) patients.The usefulness of the WHO protocol for S. haematobium infections
Association of environmental tobacco smoke at work and forced expiratory lung function among never smoking asthmatics and non-asthmatics. The... (Publications)
or FEF25-75% (-1.9%; -4.2 to +0.5). Effects were observed among asthmatics (n = 325), FEV1 (-4.8%; 0 to -9.2); FEF25-75% (-12.4%; -3.7 to -20.4); FVC: (-1.7%; +2.1 to -5.5), particularly in asthmatic women [...] women (n = 183): FVC -4.4% (-9.6 to +1.1); FEV1: -8.7% (-14.5 to -2.5); FEF25-75%: -20.8% (-32 to -7.6), where duration of ETS exposure at work was associated with lung function (FEV1 -6% per hour of ETS
A randomized clinical trial to identify the optimal antigen and MF59((R)) adjuvant dose of a monovalent A/H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine in healthy... (Publications)
priming dose of MF59-adjuvanted A/H1N1 vaccine provided healthy adult (3.75mug or 7.5mug formulations) and healthy elderly (7.5mug formulation) individuals with adequate levels of seroprotection. Booster ad [...] healthy elderly (> 60 years) participants. Subjects received vaccine containing either 3.75mug or 7.5mug antigen, adjuvanted with half the standard dose, or a standard dose of MF59((R)) (Novartis Vaccines) [...] investigated were highly immunogenic and well tolerated in both adult and...
Size fractionate particulate matter, vehicle traffic, and case-specific daily mortality in Barcelona, Spain (Publications)
we investigated the association between three independent size fractions, coarse (PM10-2.5), intermodal (PM2.5-1), and very fine PMs (PM1), and three health outcomes, respiratory, cardiovascular, and [...] PM10-2.5 was 1.059 (95% CI, 1.026-1.094) for cardiovascular mortality and 1.098 (95% CI, 1.030-1.171) for cerebrovascular mortality. Association with respiratory mortality was only detected for PM2.5-1 at [...] from different sources and the mechanisms of action. We found that increased...
Physical activity intensity and surrogate markers for cardiovascular health in adolescents (Publications)
high) based on the daily time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA, 3,000-5,200 counts(.)min(-1), model 1) and vigorous PA (VPA, > 5,200 counts(.)min(-1), model 2). MVPA was an independent predictor for rMSSD [...] = 0.046). In model 2, the high VPA group had higher maximum power output values (3.9 +/- 0.5 vs. 3.4 +/- 0.5 W kg(-1), P = 0.012). In both models, no significant differences were observed for RHI and [Formula: [...] surrogate markers of cardiovascular health in adolescents. 52...