Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablets compared with crushed commercial tablets in African infants and children with... (Publications)
rate. We aimed to show non-inferiority (with a margin of -5%) of dispersible versus crushed tablet. We constructed an asymptotic one-sided 97.5% CI on the difference in cure rates. A computer-generated [...] 3-99.2) in the group on dispersible formulation and 98.5% (97.4-99.7) in the group on crushed formulation. The lower bound of the one-sided 97.5% CI was -2.7%. The most common drug-related adverse event [...] with uncomplicated malaria. METHODS: We did a randomised non-inferiority study on...
Helminth infections and risk factor analysis among residents in Eryuan county, Yunnan province, China (Publications)
Trichuris trichiura and hookworms was 15.4%, 3.5%, 1.7% and 0.3%, respectively. The seroprevalence of Trichinella spp. was 58.8% and that of cysticercosis 18.5%. The egg positivity rate of S. japonicum in [...] China, including risk factor analysis. We collected stool and blood samples from 3220 individuals, aged 5-88 years, from 35 randomly selected villages in Eryuan county, Yunnan province, China. Stool samples [...] in the 13 known endemic villages was 2.7%, and the corresponding...
Size fractionate particulate matter, vehicle traffic, and case-specific daily mortality in Barcelona, Spain (Publications)
we investigated the association between three independent size fractions, coarse (PM10-2.5), intermodal (PM2.5-1), and very fine PMs (PM1), and three health outcomes, respiratory, cardiovascular, and [...] PM10-2.5 was 1.059 (95% CI, 1.026-1.094) for cardiovascular mortality and 1.098 (95% CI, 1.030-1.171) for cerebrovascular mortality. Association with respiratory mortality was only detected for PM2.5-1 at [...] from different sources and the mechanisms of action. We found that increased...
Association of environmental tobacco smoke at work and forced expiratory lung function among never smoking asthmatics and non-asthmatics. The... (Publications)
or FEF25-75% (-1.9%; -4.2 to +0.5). Effects were observed among asthmatics (n = 325), FEV1 (-4.8%; 0 to -9.2); FEF25-75% (-12.4%; -3.7 to -20.4); FVC: (-1.7%; +2.1 to -5.5), particularly in asthmatic women [...] women (n = 183): FVC -4.4% (-9.6 to +1.1); FEV1: -8.7% (-14.5 to -2.5); FEF25-75%: -20.8% (-32 to -7.6), where duration of ETS exposure at work was associated with lung function (FEV1 -6% per hour of ETS
A randomized clinical trial to identify the optimal antigen and MF59((R)) adjuvant dose of a monovalent A/H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine in healthy... (Publications)
priming dose of MF59-adjuvanted A/H1N1 vaccine provided healthy adult (3.75mug or 7.5mug formulations) and healthy elderly (7.5mug formulation) individuals with adequate levels of seroprotection. Booster ad [...] healthy elderly (> 60 years) participants. Subjects received vaccine containing either 3.75mug or 7.5mug antigen, adjuvanted with half the standard dose, or a standard dose of MF59((R)) (Novartis Vaccines) [...] investigated were highly immunogenic and well tolerated in both adult and...
Beyond malaria: causes of fever in outpatient Tanzanian children (Publications)
symptoms or signs) in 11.9%, malaria in 10.5%, gastroenteritis in 10.3%, urinary tract infection in 5.9%, typhoid fever in 3.7%, skin or mucosal infection in 1.5%, and meningitis in 0.2%. The cause of fever [...] Of 1005 children (22.6% of whom had multiple diagnoses), 62.2% had an acute respiratory infection; 5.0% of these infections were radiologically confirmed pneumonia. A systemic bacterial, viral, or parasitic [...] fever was undetermined in 3.2% of the children. A total of 70.5% of the...
Diagnostic accuracy of the InBios Scrub Typhus DetectTM ELISA for the detection of IgM antibodies in Chittagong, Bangladesh (Publications)
of 91.5 (95% confidence interval (95% CI: 96.8(-)82.5) and a specificity (Sp) of 92.4 (95% CI: 95.0(-)89.0), while for convalescent samples the OD cut-off was > /=1.50 with Sn of 66.0 (95% CI: 78.5(-)51 [...] admission samples, the best Sn/Sp compromise was at 1.25 OD (Sn 91.5%, Sp 92.4%) and for convalescent samples at 0.75 OD (Sn 69.8%, Sp 89.5%). A relatively high (stringent) diagnostic cut-off value provides
PfSPZ Vaccine induces focused humoral immune response in HIV positive and negative Tanzanian adults (Publications)
responses to circumsporozoite surface protein (PfCSP) and merozoite surface protein 5 (PfMSP5). We show that PfMSP5 is detectable on the surface and in the apical complex of PfSPZ. INTERPRETATION: Our [...] affect the quantity of the total IgG and IgM antibody responses to PfCSP and PfMSP5 after immunization with PfSPZ Vaccine. PfMSP5 represents a highly immunogenic, so far underexplored, target for vaccine-induced
Schistosomiasis status and health impact in preschool-aged children in hard-to-reach areas and populations of Homa Bay County, Kenya (Publications)
moderate (8.5 %) and heavy infections (2.2 %). Significantly increased odds for infection were observed in children aged four (aOR = 4.4, 95 % CI: 1.7-11.2) and five years (aOR = 5.6, 95 % CI: 2.2-14.5), in girls [...] populations of Homa Bay County, Kenya. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 476 PSAC aged 2-5 years across 6 islands in Lake Victoria, Homa Bay County, Kenya. Kato-Katz and urine filtration techniques [...] girls (aOR = 2.5, 95 % CI: 1.3-4.8), and in children living in...
Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and... (Publications)
Residential annual average exposure to elemental constituents within particle matter smaller than 2.5 and 10mum (PM2.5 and PM10) was estimated using Land Use Regression models. Eight elements representing major [...] the combined HR was 0.96 (0.84-1.09). Elevated combined HRs were found for PM2.5 Si (1.17, 95% CI: 0.93-1.47), and S in PM2.5 (1.08, 95% CI: 0.95-1.22) and PM10 (1.09, 95% CI: 0.90-1.32). CONCLUSION: In [...] We found no statistically significant associations between any of the...