Rapid identification of malaria vaccine candidates based on alpha-helical coiled coil protein motif (Publications)
To identify malaria antigens for vaccine development, we selected alpha-helical coiled coil domains of proteins predicted to be present in the parasite erythrocytic stage. The corresponding synthetic peptides [...] various prevalence. Peptide specific antibodies were obtained both by affinity-purification from malaria immune sera and by immunization of mice. These antibodies did not show significant cross reactions
The usefulness of twenty-four molecular markers in predicting treatment outcome with combination therapy of amodiaquine plus... (Publications)
plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) was introduced as first-line treatment against uncomplicated malaria in 2000. METHODS: We assessed in vivo treatment failure rates with AQ+SP in two different areas in
Cost-sharing strategies combining targeted public subsidies with private-sector delivery achieve high bednet coverage and reduced malaria transmission... (Publications)
insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) for malaria prevention in the Kilombero Valley, southern Tanzania, since 1996. Here we evaluate resulting changes in bednet coverage and malaria transmission. METHODS: Bednets [...] but now-obsolete technologies available at the time resulted in low insecticide treatment rates. Malaria transmission remained intense but was substantially reduced: Compared with an exceptionally high
Preventing childhood malaria in Africa by protecting adults from mosquitoes with insecticide-treated nets (Publications)
BACKGROUND: Malaria prevention in Africa merits particular attention as the world strives toward a better life for the poorest. Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) represent a practical means to prevent malaria in [...] targets for ITN coverage beyond vulnerable groups. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using field-parameterized malaria transmission models, we show that high (80% use) but exclusively targeted coverage of young children
Quantifying behavioural interactions between humans and mosquitoes: Evaluating the protective efficacy of insecticidal nets against malaria... (Publications)
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: African malaria vectors bite predominantly indoors at night so sleeping under an Insecticide-Treated Net (ITN) can greatly reduce malaria risk. Behavioural adaptation by mosquitoes [...] allow vector mosquitoes to bite outside of peak sleeping hours and undermine efficacy of this key malaria prevention measure. METHODS: High coverage with largely untreated nets has been achieved in the Kilombero [...] peak sleeping hours, respectively. ITNs consistently conferred > 70%...
Spatio-temporal analysis of the role of climate in inter-annual variation of malaria incidence in Zimbabwe (Publications)
inter-annual variation in malaria incidence. Quantitative description of the space-time effect of this association has practical implications for the development of operational malaria early warning system [...] system (MEWS) and malaria control. We used Bayesian negative binomial models for spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between annual malaria incidence and selected climatic covariates at a district level [...] 1988-1999. RESULTS: Considerable inter-annual variations were observed...
Target product profile choices for intra-domiciliary malaria vector control pesticide products: repel or kill? (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The most common pesticide products for controlling malaria-transmitting mosquitoes combine two distinct modes of action: 1) conventional insecticidal activity which kills mosquitoes exposed [...] mosquitoes to non-users rather than killing them outright. METHODS: A process-explicit model of malaria transmission is described which captures the sequential interaction between deterrent and toxic actions
Spatio-temporal malaria transmission patterns in Navrongo demographic surveillance site, northern Ghana (Publications)
BACKGROUND: The relationship between entomological measures of malaria transmission intensity and mortality remains uncertain. This is partly because transmission is heterogeneous even within small ge [...] analysed data from Kassena-Nankana districts in northern Ghana to obtain small area estimates of malaria transmission rates allowing for this uncertainty.METHODS: Independent Bayesian geostatistical models [...] mosquito densities.CONCLUSION: This study confirms the presence of...
From strategy development to routine implementation: the cost of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Infants for malaria control (Publications)
Saharan Africa. Intermittent Preventive Treatment in infants (IPTi) is a promising new tool for malaria control. Although efficacy information is available for many interventions, there is a dearth of