Novel high-throughput screening method using quantitative PCR to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of <em>Orientia tsutsugamushi... (Publications)
which showed azithromycin MICs of 0.0156 and 0.0313 mg/L, compared with 0.0078 and 0.0156 mg/L, respectively, in previous reports. The MIC of doxycycline for AFC-3 was 0.125 mg/L compared with > 4 mg/L in [...] in earlier reports. The final single screening concentrations were identified as: azithromycin, 0.125 mg/L; chloramphenicol, 8 mg/L; and doxycycline, 1 mg/L. Conclusions: This simplified procedure facilitates
Outdoor air pollution and the burden of childhood asthma across Europe (Publications)
to 70.0 microg.m(-3), with a mean of 11.8 microg.m(-3). PM2.5 ranged from 2.0 to 41.1 microg.m(-3), with a mean of 11.6 microg.m(-3). BC ranged from 0.003 to 3.7x10(-5)m(-1), with a mean of 1.0x10(-5)m(-1) [...] was estimated to prevent 2434 (0.4%) and 66 567 (11%) incident cases. Meeting the minimum air pollution levels for NO2 (1.5 microg.m(-3)), PM2.5 (0.4 microg.m(-3)) and BC (0.4x10(-5)m(-1)), respectively
Ambient air pollution and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Rome (Publications)
results for a 15.7 μg/m(3) increase in NO(2) after adjustment for PM(2.5) were 1.11 (0.92, 1.34) for PE and 0.83 (0.76, 0.90) for HDP. Increased risks for HDP and GH were suggested for O(3) in single-pollutant [...] range of 7.0 μg/m(3) increase in PM(2.5) exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.81, 1.39) and 1.04 (0.92, 1.17) after
Maternal stimulation and early child development in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Kenya and Zambia (Publications)
size = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.31) after adjusting for other confounders. For domain specific and child development (ASQ scores), the largest effect size (ES) was found for language stimulation (ES = 0.15) [...] domain activities (ES= -0.05). Overall maternal stimulation was most strongly associated with gross motor development (ES = 0.21) and the least associated with problem-solving (ES = 0.16). CONCLUSION: Our
Prospective association between depressive symptoms and blood-pressure related outcomes in Kosovo (Publications)
normotensive people (OR = 1.68, 95%-CI 0.41 to 6.98, p = 0.48), nor with hypertension control among initially hypertensive people (OR = 0.69, 95%-CI 0.34 to 1.41, p = 0.31). Our findings are not consistent [...] 95%-CI -4.64 to -1.05, p = 0.002) over a year of follow-up in our fully adjusted model, although the association with systolic BP (beta = -1.98, 95%-CI -5.48 to 1.28, p = 0.23) did not meet statistical
Household-level risk factors for water contamination and antimicrobial resistance in drinking water among households with children under 5 in rural... (Publications)
d containers were less likely to be contaminated than samples collected from the faucet (OR = 0.55, p = 0.030) or wide mouthed containers. The presence of thermotolerant coliform was associated with owning [...] 2% to 59.1% (OR = 1.98, p = 0.017) and with animal waste observed in the kitchen area, which increased the prevalence of contamination from 51.4% to 65.6% (OR = 1.80, p = 0.024). Resistance to any antibiotic [...] 4% (OR = 1.97, p = 0.012) as well as households with free-roaming animals...
Urban onsite sanitation upgrades and synanthropic flies in Maputo, Mozambique: effects on enteric pathogen infection risks (Publications)
intervention reduced fly counts at latrine entrances by 69% (aRR = 0.31, [0.13, 0.75]) but not at food preparation areas (aRR = 0.92, [0.33, 2.6]). Half of (23/46) of individual flies were positive for [...] difference in infection risk between groups in a pooled estimate of all pathogens assessed (aRR = 0.84, [0.61, 1.2]). The infection risks posed by flies suggest that the design of sanitation systems and
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia (Publications)
Prevalence of livestock was 9.0% in Afar and 8.6% in SRS (ranging from 0.6 to 20.2% at woreda level). In humans, prevalence was 48.3% in Afar and 34.9% in SRS (ranging from 0.0 to 74.5% at woreda level). [...] being reactors (p = 0.013). Among the species, cattle had the least risk of being reactors (p = 0.014). In humans, there was a clear regional association of disease prevalence (p = 0.002). The older the
In Ivorian school-age children, infection with hookworm does not reduce dietary iron absorption or systemic iron utilization, whereas afebrile... (Publications)
and 32.2% (P < 0.001) before treatment and 23.6% and 30.0% (P = 0.113) after treatment, respectively. Treatment of afebrile malaria reduced inflammation (P < 0.001) and serum hepcidin (P = 0.004) and improved [...] improved iron absorption (P = 0.003). Treatment of hookworm infection neither affected inflammation biomarkers nor altered iron absorption. Similarly, there was a lack of treatment effects in the S. haem [...] the small sample size limits conclusions. Geometric mean iron utilization...
Bayesian geostatistical model-based estimates of soil-transmitted helminth infection in Nigeria, including annual deworming requirements (Publications)
A. lumbricoides, and from 1.0% to 25.5% for T. trichiura. Model-based predictions ranged from 0.7% to 51.0% for hookworm, from 0.1% to 82.6% for A. lumbricoides, and from 0.0% to 18.5% for T. trichiura [...] hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura infections are endemic in 482 (86.8%), 305 (55.0%), and 55 (9.9%) locations, respectively. Hookworm and A. lumbricoides infection co-exist in 16 states
