Maternal stimulation and early child development in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Kenya and Zambia (Publications)
size = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.31) after adjusting for other confounders. For domain specific and child development (ASQ scores), the largest effect size (ES) was found for language stimulation (ES = 0.15) [...] domain activities (ES= -0.05). Overall maternal stimulation was most strongly associated with gross motor development (ES = 0.21) and the least associated with problem-solving (ES = 0.16). CONCLUSION: Our
Prospective association between depressive symptoms and blood-pressure related outcomes in Kosovo (Publications)
normotensive people (OR = 1.68, 95%-CI 0.41 to 6.98, p = 0.48), nor with hypertension control among initially hypertensive people (OR = 0.69, 95%-CI 0.34 to 1.41, p = 0.31). Our findings are not consistent [...] 95%-CI -4.64 to -1.05, p = 0.002) over a year of follow-up in our fully adjusted model, although the association with systolic BP (beta = -1.98, 95%-CI -5.48 to 1.28, p = 0.23) did not meet statistical
Household-level risk factors for water contamination and antimicrobial resistance in drinking water among households with children under 5 in rural... (Publications)
d containers were less likely to be contaminated than samples collected from the faucet (OR = 0.55, p = 0.030) or wide mouthed containers. The presence of thermotolerant coliform was associated with owning [...] 2% to 59.1% (OR = 1.98, p = 0.017) and with animal waste observed in the kitchen area, which increased the prevalence of contamination from 51.4% to 65.6% (OR = 1.80, p = 0.024). Resistance to any antibiotic [...] 4% (OR = 1.97, p = 0.012) as well as households with free-roaming animals...
Urban onsite sanitation upgrades and synanthropic flies in Maputo, Mozambique: effects on enteric pathogen infection risks (Publications)
intervention reduced fly counts at latrine entrances by 69% (aRR = 0.31, [0.13, 0.75]) but not at food preparation areas (aRR = 0.92, [0.33, 2.6]). Half of (23/46) of individual flies were positive for [...] difference in infection risk between groups in a pooled estimate of all pathogens assessed (aRR = 0.84, [0.61, 1.2]). The infection risks posed by flies suggest that the design of sanitation systems and
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia (Publications)
Prevalence of livestock was 9.0% in Afar and 8.6% in SRS (ranging from 0.6 to 20.2% at woreda level). In humans, prevalence was 48.3% in Afar and 34.9% in SRS (ranging from 0.0 to 74.5% at woreda level). [...] being reactors (p = 0.013). Among the species, cattle had the least risk of being reactors (p = 0.014). In humans, there was a clear regional association of disease prevalence (p = 0.002). The older the
In Ivorian school-age children, infection with hookworm does not reduce dietary iron absorption or systemic iron utilization, whereas afebrile... (Publications)
and 32.2% (P < 0.001) before treatment and 23.6% and 30.0% (P = 0.113) after treatment, respectively. Treatment of afebrile malaria reduced inflammation (P < 0.001) and serum hepcidin (P = 0.004) and improved [...] improved iron absorption (P = 0.003). Treatment of hookworm infection neither affected inflammation biomarkers nor altered iron absorption. Similarly, there was a lack of treatment effects in the S. haem [...] the small sample size limits conclusions. Geometric mean iron utilization...
Bayesian geostatistical model-based estimates of soil-transmitted helminth infection in Nigeria, including annual deworming requirements (Publications)
A. lumbricoides, and from 1.0% to 25.5% for T. trichiura. Model-based predictions ranged from 0.7% to 51.0% for hookworm, from 0.1% to 82.6% for A. lumbricoides, and from 0.0% to 18.5% for T. trichiura [...] hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura infections are endemic in 482 (86.8%), 305 (55.0%), and 55 (9.9%) locations, respectively. Hookworm and A. lumbricoides infection co-exist in 16 states
Is misoprostol a safe, effective and acceptable alternative to manual vacuum aspiration for postabortion care? Results from a randomised trial in... (Publications)
MVA = 75.8%; RR = 0.96 [95% CI 0.86-1.07]). The majority of women were 'satisfied' or 'very satisfied' with the method they received (misoprostol = 96.8%, MVA = 97.7%; RR = 0.99 [95% CI 0.96-1.02]), expressed [...] had a complete uterine evacuation (misoprostol = 94.5%, MVA = 99.1%; relative risk [RR] = 0.95 [95% CI 0.92-0.99]). Acceptability and satisfaction ratings were similar and high for both misoprostol and
Sodium chloride vs. sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of contrast medium-induced nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial (Publications)
P = 0.009} and similar between Groups C and B [mean difference 1.3 (95% CI, -1.7-4.3) mL/min/1.73 m(2), P = 0.39]. The incidence of CIN was significantly lower in Group A (1%) vs. Group B (9%, P = 0.02) [...] 02) and similar between Groups B and C (10%, P = 0.9).ConclusionVolume supplementation with 24 h sodium chloride 0.9% is superior to sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of CIN. A short-term regimen with [...] uncertain. Our purpose was to compare two regimens of sodium bicarbonate with 24...
Association of environmental tobacco smoke at work and forced expiratory lung function among never smoking asthmatics and non-asthmatics. The... (Publications)
associated with FVC (0.7%; -0.4 to +1.8), FEV1 (-0.1%; 95% CI: -1.3 to +1.1) or FEF25-75% (-1.9%; -4.2 to +0.5). Effects were observed among asthmatics (n = 325), FEV1 (-4.8%; 0 to -9.2); FEF25-75% (-12 [...] work was associated with lung function (FEV1 -6% per hour of ETS exposure at work (p = 0.01); FEF25-75%: -3.4%/h (p < 0.05). In non-asthmatic women (n = 1963) and in men no significant effect was observed
