Low efficacy of single-dose albendazole and mebendazole against hookworm and effect on concomitant helminth infection in Lao PDR (Publications)
FINDINGS: Single-dose albendazole and mebendazole resulted in CRs of 36.0% and 17.6% (odds ratio: 0.4; 95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.8; P = 0.01), and ERRs of 86.7% and 76.3%, respectively. In children co-infected
Effect of mutation and genetic background on drug resistance in <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (Publications)
(adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 5.6; P < 0.0001). Lineage 1 was associated with inhA promoter -15C/T mutations (OR, 6.4; 95% CI, 2.0 to 20.7; P = 0.002). We found that the [...] conveyed by particular mutations (interaction tests of drug resistance mutations across all lineages; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, M. tuberculosis drug resistance mutations were associated with various levels
Prevalence and self-reported health consequences of vaginal practices in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: findings from a household survey (Publications)
was lower among women with tertiary education than those without primary education (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08-0.85), nearly twice as common in sexually active women (95% CI = 1.05-3.56) and increased as [...] the commonest practice (63.3% of women), is undertaken frequently (61.6% cleansing twice daily; 20.0% using > /=2 products). Fewer report application (10.1%), insertion (11.6%) or ingestion (14.3%) practices [...] reporting unprotected sex (95% CI = 1.11-2.90). Few reported health problems...
Emergence of FY*A(null) in a <em>Plasmodium vivax</em>-endemic region of Papua New Guinea (Publications)
of P. vivax infection in FY*A/FY*A (83/508 = 0.163) compared with FY*A/FY*A(null) (2/23 = 0.087) individuals (odds ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval = 0.47-8.91). Emergence of FY*A(null) in this population [...] the resident Abelam-speaking population is characterized by a frequency of alpha(+)-thalassemia > /=0.98, we have discovered the mutation responsible for erythrocyte Duffy antigen-negativity (Fy[a-b-]) [...] 23 heterozygous and no homozygous individuals bearing this new allele...
The hidden economic burden of air pollution-related morbidity: evidence from the Aphekom project (Publications)
general urban air pollution-were no higher than 20 mug/m3. Returning an assessment of euro 0.55 million (95 % CI 0-0.95), the HIA based on acute effects alone accounts for only about 6.2 % of the annual h [...] children and coronary heart disease (CHD) in adults over 65-for ten European cities, totaling 1.89 million 0-17-year-old children and 1.85 million adults aged 65 and over. We compare the current health effects [...] burden computed with the comprehensive method [euro 8.81 million (95 %...
Radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels in different European outdoor urban environments in comparison with regulatory limits (Publications)
exposure ranged between 0.22V/m (Basel) and 0.41V/m (Amsterdam) in all outdoor areas combined. The 95th percentile for total RF-EMF exposure varied between 0.46V/m (Basel) and 0.82V/m (Amsterdam) and the [...] the 99th percentile between 0.81V/m (Basel) and 1.20V/m (Brussels). CONCLUSIONS: All exposure levels were far below international reference levels proposed by ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing
Evaluation of giant African pouched rats for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients from a high-endemic setting (Publications)
pulmonary tuberculosis was 0.72 (95% CI 0.66-0.78). An optimal threshold could be defined at > /=2 indications by rats in either sample with a corresponding sensitivity of 56.9% (95% CI 47.0-66.3), specificity [...] 5-86.9), positive and negative predictive value of 71.3% (95% CI 60.6-80.5) and 68.7% (95% CI 60.6-76.0), and an accuracy for TB diagnosis of 69.6%. The diagnostic performance was negatively influenced by
<em>Opisthorchis felineus</em> infection and cholangiocarcinoma in the Russian Federation: a review of medical statistics (Publications)
Autonomous Okrug (0.9 cases per 100,000 population). O. felineus incidence was not associated with the mean annual incidence of liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers (r=0.20, p=0.07). This study documents [...] annual incidence of infection and cancer. The average annual incidence of O. felineus was 24.7+/-9.0 cases per 100,000 population. The highest incidence was observed in Khanty-Mansiysk district (599.7 [...] felineus cases were reported. The incidence of liver and intrahepatic bile...
The Ready-to-Go questionnaire predicts health outcomes during travel: a smartphone application-based analysis (Publications)
difficulty in carrying out planned activities (IRR = -0.04, 95%CI:-0.05,-0.02), and rated their travel experience lower (IRR = -0.04, 95%CI:-0.06,-0.02). Travellers with increased travel-related risks due
Health worker compliance with severe malaria treatment guidelines in the context of implementing pre-referral rectal artesunate in the Democratic... (Publications)
DRC (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.13, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.92, P < 0.001), but less likely in Uganda (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.96, P = 0.04) adjusting for patient, provider, caregiver, and other contextual [...] ion was common, ACTs were often prescribed at discharge in Nigeria (54.4%, 229/421) and Uganda (53.0%, 715/1,349). Study limitations include the unfeasibility to independently confirm the diagnosis of
