Health impact assessment of waste management facilities in three European countries (Publications)
and England, respectively. The additional contribution to NO2 levels within a 3 km radius was 0.23, 0.15, and 0.14 mug/m3, respectively. Lower values were found for PM10. Assuming that the incinerators continue [...] that the annual number of cancer cases due to exposure in 2001-2020 will reach 11, 0, and 7 in 2020 and then decline to 0 in the three countries in 2050. We are moderately confident that by 2050, the at
Evaluation of customised lineage-specific sets of MIRU-VNTR loci for genotyping <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex isolates in Ghana (Publications)
isolates (clustering rate: 0.9%) and 104 singletons. Among, 52 Lineage 5 isolates, customized MIRU-12 genotyping defined 51 patterns with 1 cluster of 2 isolates (clustering rate: 0.9%) and 50 unique strains [...] Cumulative HGDI values for customized MIRU-12 for Lineages 4 and 5 were 0.98 respectively whilst that of standard MIRU-15 was 0.99. A union of loci from the customised MIRU-12 and standard MIRU-15 revealed [...] eight highly discriminatory loci: 4052, 2163B, 40, 4165, 2165, 10,16 and...
Meat intake, cooking-related mutagens and risk of colorectal adenoma in a sigmoidoscopy-based case-control study (Publications)
oven-broiled red meat was inversely related to adenoma risk compared with non-consumers [OR = 0.49 (95% CI, 0.28-0.85)]. We did not identify any association with consumption of individual HCAs and colorectal [...] large (> 1 cm) adenoma per 10 ng/day consumption of BP [OR = 1.06 (95% CI, 1.00-1.12), P (trend) = 0.04]. A major source of BP is red meat exposed to a naked flame, as occurs during the barbecuing process [...] was associated with a 29% increased risk of large adenoma [OR = 1.29 (95%...
Development and evaluation of a personal particulate organic and mass sampler (Publications)
a central outdoor site, and in residences. Daily particulate mass concentrations averaged 10.0 +/- 5.2, 12.0 +/- 5.3, and 11.2 +/- 5.1 microg m(-3) for the Federal Reference Method, the Harvard Personal [...] polystyrene-divinylbenzene (XAD-4) resin-coated denuder, yielding OC concentrations of 2.5 +/- 0.4 and 2.4 +/- 1.0 microg of C m(-3), respectively. Thermal analysis for OC indicated that the indoor positive [...] organic carbon (OC) measurements from single quartz filters, the apparent...
Effect of strategic gastrointestinal nematode control on fertility and mortality of N'Dama cattle in The Gambia (Publications)
schemes served as control (Treatment group 0) and received no anthelmintic treatment throughout the study. The average annual cumulative incidence mortality between 0-1 year was more than two times higher in [...] 52.2% compared to 43.6% in the control group (P < 0.001), which is an increase of 8.6% to the control rate. Possible causes of increased mortality in 0-1 year old treated calves are discussed. We can conclude [...] differences were found in older age categories. Survival analysis...
Representative seroprevalences of human and livestock brucellosis in two Mongolian provinces (Publications)
16.0% (95% CI 13.7-18.7%) in cattle, 2.5% (95% CI 0.8-7.6%) in camels, 8.3 (95% CI 6.0-11.6%) in horses and 36.4% (95% CI 26.3-48.0%) in dogs. More women than men were seropositive (OR = 1.7; P < 0.0014)
The epidemiology of HIV and HSV-2 infections among women participating in microbicide and vaccine feasibility studies in Northern Tanzania (Publications)
with 0-1 partner (aRR = 4.75; 95% CI: 2.10,10.8), while those who had reached secondary education or above were at lower risk of HSV-2 compared with women with incomplete primary education (aRR = 0.42; [...] 42; 95% CI: 0.22,0.82). CONCLUSIONS: HIV and HSV-2 rates remain substantially higher in this cohort than in the general population, indicating urgent need for effective interventions. These studies demonstrate [...] and HSV-2 incidence rates were 3.7 (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.8,5.1)...
Efficacy and safety of a single-dose mebendazole 500 mg chewable, rapidly-disintegrating tablet for <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em> and <em>Trichuris... (Publications)
count of 0 at the end of DBP, were significantly higher in the MBZ group than placebo for A. lumbricoides (83.7% [72/86; 95% CI: 74.2%; 90.8%] versus 11.1% [9/81; 95% CI: 5.2%; 20.1%], P < 0.001) and for [...] P < 0.001). Egg reduction rates (secondary endpoint) were significantly higher in the MBZ group than placebo for A. lumbricoides (97.9% [95% CI: 94.4; 99.9] versus 19.2% [95% CI: -5.9; 41.5]; P < 0.001) [...] 001) and T. trichiura (59.7% [95% CI: 33.9; 78.8] versus 10.5% [95% CI: -16.8;...
Long-term exposure to transportation noise and its association with adiposity markers and development of obesity (Publications)
subphenotypes, cross-sectionally (at SAP3) [e.g. beta (95% CI) per 10dB, BMI: 0.39 (0.18; 0.59); waist circumference: 0.93 (0.37; 1.50)], and with increased risk of obesity, longitudinally (e.g. RR=1.25
Explaining patient delay in healthcare seeking and loss to diagnostic follow-up among patients with presumptive tuberculosis in Tanzania: a... (Publications)
non-LDFU, 26 (52.0%) had also delayed seeking care. Prior consultation with a traditional healer (aOR 2.84, 95% CI 1.08-7.40), perceived causes as ingestion (water and food) (aOR 0.38 CI 0.16-0.89), and substance [...] substance use (smoking and alcohol) (aOR 1.45 CI 0.98-2.14) were all associated with patient delay. Female gender was associated with LDFU (aOR 3.80, 95% CI 1.62-8.87) but not with delay. Other conditions
