Effect of an integrated intervention package of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation and health education on the prevalence of... (Publications)
haematobium, Trichuris trichiura, Schistosoma mansoni and Ascaris lumbricoides was 31.1%, 7.0%, 2.0%, 1.0% and 0.3%, respectively. Four of the five intervention communities were classified open-defecation [...] infection, we observed higher negative changes in terms of proportion of decrease (-0.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.16, -0.04) and higher egg reduction rate (64.9 vs 15.2%) when comparing intervention [...] latrine use (before: 15.5%, after: 94.6%), open defecation in the...
A multiplex assay for the sensitive detection and quantification of male and female <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> gametocytes (Publications)
approach were observed (R(2) = 0.9473, 95% CI 0.9314-0.9632, for FG measured by transcript levels of Pfs25 in qRT-PCR or CCp4 in multiplex; R(2) = 0.8869, 95% CI 0.8541-0.9197, for MG measured by PfMGET [...] calibrated against known gametocyte quantities. RESULTS: The limit of detection was determined at 0.1 male and 0.1 female gametocyte/microL, which was equal to the limit of quantification (LOQ) for MG, while
Macrophage susceptibility to infection by Ghanaian <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex lineages 4 and 5 varies with self-reported ethnicity (Publications)
L4 strains (p < 0.001), translating into a higher bacillary load on day 7 (p < 0.001) compared to L5, despite the higher replication rate of L5 in Ewe MDMs (fold change: 1.4 vs. 1.2, p = 0.03) among the [...] L4 = 1.1, p = 0.04). Although there was no significant difference in the uptake of L4 and L5 among cured TB cases, there was a higher bacterial load of both L4 (p = 0.02) and L5 (p = 0.02) on day 7 in [...] we observed a significantly higher phagocytic uptake of L5 (p < 0.001) compared to...
Health service quality in 2929 facilities in six low-income and middle-income countries: a positive deviance analysis (Publications)
score was 0.81 (SD 0.07) for the best-performing hospitals and 0.44 (0.09) for the worst-performing hospitals. Among clinics, mean GMPI scores were 0.75 (0.07) for the best performers and 0.34 (0.10) for
Maternal drinking behaviour and co-exposure from smoking during and after pregnancy in relation to the neurocognitive function of school-children in... (Publications)
attention [beta:-0.03; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.05;-0.004] and between maternal drinking during pregnancy and reduced child's spatial working memory (beta: -0.59; CI: -1.02; -0.15). Heavy (> 5 [...] lowered child's learning in memory (beta:-1.69; 95% CI: -3.05; -0.33) and lower health-related quality of life (beta: -3.41; CI: -6.64; -0.17). The odds of a child repeating a grade were 1.69 (CI: 2.81-1 [...] 81-1.02) for those exposed to maternal gestational smoking and 1.68 (CI:...
Effect of an integrated intervention package of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation and health education on the prevalence of... (Publications)
haematobium, Trichuris trichiura, Schistosoma mansoni and Ascaris lumbricoides was 31.1%, 7.0%, 2.0%, 1.0% and 0.3%, respectively. Four of the five intervention communities were classified open-defecation [...] infection, we observed higher negative changes in terms of proportion of decrease (-0.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.16, -0.04) and higher egg reduction rate (64.9 vs 15.2%) when comparing intervention [...] latrine use (before: 15.5%, after: 94.6%), open defecation in the...
A multiplex assay for the sensitive detection and quantification of male and female <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> gametocytes (Publications)
approach were observed (R(2) = 0.9473, 95% CI 0.9314-0.9632, for FG measured by transcript levels of Pfs25 in qRT-PCR or CCp4 in multiplex; R(2) = 0.8869, 95% CI 0.8541-0.9197, for MG measured by PfMGET [...] calibrated against known gametocyte quantities. RESULTS: The limit of detection was determined at 0.1 male and 0.1 female gametocyte/microL, which was equal to the limit of quantification (LOQ) for MG, while
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in rural Tanzania: the prospective Kilombero and Ulanga antiretroviral cohort (Publications)
ART use was protective [HR 0.15, (0.08-0.27); p [...] (1.14-2.31); p = 0.006]. The adjusted hazard ratios [HR (95% CI)] for death/LTFU in EPTB patients were significantly increased for patients aged > 45 years [HR 1.95, (1.15-3.3); p = 0.013], whereas ART [...] CD4+ cell count of 229/mul (IQR 94-421) at baseline. During the median follow-up of 1.25 years (IQR 0.46-2.85), 574 (18.4%) subjects were diagnosed with tuberculosis, whereof 175 (30.5%) had an extrapulmonary
Association between the proportion of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> infections detected by passive surveillance and the... (Publications)
5.3-25.0) for P falciparum and 10.1% (5.0-18.3) for P vivax and decreased as the estimated log-PCR community prevalence increased (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for P falciparum 0.63, 95% CI 0.57-0.69; adjusted [...] adjusted OR for P vivax 0.52, 0.47-0.57). Factors associated with increasing P(Detect) included smaller catchment population size, high transmission season, improved care-seeking behaviour by infected individuals
Rabies surveillance-response in Mali in the past 18 years and requirements for the future (Publications)
tested positive using the DFA test. The cumulative incidence of canine rabies was estimated at 0.371 [95% CI: 0.336-0.408] / 10'000 dogs. The highest incidence was observed in Bamako, the capital of Mali, with [...] cumulative incidence of 2.242 [95% CI: 2.001-2.504] / 10'000 dogs, followed by Koulikoro with 0.335 [95% CI: 0.258-0.429] / 10'000 dogs. For other areas far from LCV, the cumulative incidence was low, with [...] average of 12.6 [95% CI: 8.7-16.5] deaths per year. This...
